Lecture 2: Histogram and measures of

central location

1. In numerical data

A. The median is heavily affected by extreme values

B. The mean value may not exist and might not be unique
C. The number of elements to the left and to the right of the median value are equal
D. The mode is always bigger than the mean and the median

2. Calculate the mean and the median of the following data:

26, 23, 29, 31, 24, 22, 15, 31, 30, 20

A. mean = 24.1, median =24 C. mean = 26.1, median =26

B. mean = 25.1, median =25 D. mean = 27.1, median =27

3. In Histogram:

A. The number of classes depend on the extreme values of the data

B. The class width depend on the range of the data (range = max - min)
C. The classes can be overlap
D. We cannot compare two histograms

4. Find the three statistics mean, median, mode of the data:

97, 95, 91, 270, 95, 116, 97, 108, 99, 97?

A. 106, 96, 97 C. 116.5, 99, 97

B. 116.5, 97, 97 D. 120, 98, 97

5. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. The frequency of one class can be greater than the total number
B. The frequency of one class is not less than its relative frequency
C. The sum of all frequencies equals to 1
D. The frequency of one class can be a rational number

6. Given the following data: 64, 67, 62, 68, 66, 62, 65, find the median?

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 A. 65 C. 65.5
B. 62 D. 64

7. What is TRUE about nominal data?

A. We can add two elements of the data

B. We can compute the mean (average) of the data
C. We can find the median of the data
D. We can find the mode of the data

8. As the number of observations and classes increase, the shape of frequency polygon

A. remains unchanged C. tend to become smooth

B. tend to become jagged D. none of these

9. The mark scored by 63 students are shown in the following frequency distribution. Cal-
culate the mean, median and mode?

xi 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
fi 2 2 3 4 6 11 15 10 6 3 1
A. 5, 5, 5 C. 5.46, 6, 6
B. 5.46, 5, 5 D. 5.46, 5, 6

10. In a class of 24 boys and 16 girls, the mean marks obtained by boys and girls respectively
are 15 and 10. The mean of the whole class is

A. 12.5 C. 13.5
B. 13.0 D. 14

11. The median of a frequency distribution is found graphically with the help of:

A. Histogram C. Frequency polygon

B. Frequency curve D. Ogive

12. The mode of a frequency distribution can be determined graphically by:

A. Histogram C. Frequency polygon

B. Frequency curve D. Ogive

13. Convert the following into frequency distribution: 5 students get less than 3 marks; 12
students get less than 6 marks; 25 students get less than 9 marks; 33 students get less
than 12 marks.

A. [0,3]: 5, [3,6] :7, [6,9]:13, [9-12]:8

B. [0,3]: 5, [3,6] :6, [6,9]:14, [9-12]:8
C. [0,3]: 5, [3,6] :7, [6,9]:14, [9-12]:7

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 D. [0,3]: 5, [3,6] :6, [6,9]:13, [9-12]:9

14. The difference between a histogram and bar chart is that:

A. The histogram reflects qualitative data while the bar chart represents quantitative
data
B. The adjacent rectangles/bars in a histogram have a gap while those for a bar chart
do not
C. The histogram reflects both qualitative and quantitative data while the bar chart
represents only qualitative data
D. The adjacent rectangles/bars in a bar chart have a gap while those for a histogram
do not

15. A certain company employs a large number of senior managers earning very high salaries
and few others who earn comparatively small salaries. What is a Histogram of salaries
for this company look like?

A. Positively skewed
B. Negatively skewed
C. Symmetrical
D. Bimodal

16. If the midpoints of the top of the rectangular of Histogram are marked and marked dots
are joined by a straight line then this graph is classified as

A. Ogive
B. Frequency curve
C. Marked polygon
D. Frequency polygon

17. Using cumulative frequency curve one can compute easily

A. Mean
B. Mode
C. Median
D. Size of dataset

18. If the smallest and largest observations in a data are respectively 73 and 139. How many
classes can be formed of width 3 each?

A. 20
B. 21
C. 22
D. 32

19. Various types of graphs of frequency distributions are constructed because they

A. Reveal data pattern

B. Allow easy estimate of the values

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 C. Increase the possibility of practical application
D. Both A. and B. but not C.

20. Which of the following is not found in a frequency distribution?

A. Class limits
B. Class intervals
C. Individual observations within each class
D. All of the above are found

21. The Sturge’s rule for computing the number of classes is

A. 3.322 log n
B. 0.322 log n
C. 1 + 3.322 log n
D. 1 + 0.322 log n

22. Which of the following statements about Histogram is correct?

A. The rectangles are proportional in height to the number of items falling in the classes
B. There are generally five rectangles in every histogram
C. The area in a rectangle depends only on the number of items in the class as compared
to the number of items in all other classes
D. A. and C. but not B.

23 The measure of central tendency that is a stable average but sensitive to outliers is

A. Median
B. Mode
C. Mean
D. Standard deviation

24 Apply Sturges’ formula to determine the number of classes of a histogram for 1500 ob-
servations?

A. 5
B. 12
C. 19
D. 7

25 The numbers of weekly sales calls by a sample of 30 telemarketers are listed below.

5, 9, 5, 8, 14, 20, 6, 8, 17, 12, 18, 14, 21, 16, 19

4, 3, 7, 9, 17, 10, 3, 19, 15, 25, 10, 10, 17, 15, 8

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The range of the data is 21

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 B. The frequency of the class: ”more than 3.5 but less than or equal to 6.5” (3.5 up to
6.5) is 4
C. The frequency of the class: ”more than 6.5 but less than or equal to 9.5” (6.5 up to
9.5) is 4
D. The frequency of the class: ”more than 9.5 but less than or equal to 12.5” (9.5 up
to 12.5) is 5

Problem 1. A large investment firm wants to review the distribution of ages of its stock-
brokers. The age of a sample of 25 brokers are as follows:

53, 42, 63, 70, 35, 47, 55, 58, 41, 51, 44, 61, 20,
57, 46, 49, 58, 29, 48, 42, 36, 39, 52, 45, 56.

a) Build a relative frequency histogram for the data, using five class intervals and the value
20 as the lower limit of the first class, 70 as the upper limit of the fifth class?

b) What if the proportion of total area under the histogram fall between 30 and 50?

c) Plot frequency polygon and ogive?

d) Plot a stem-and-leaf display for this data?

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