A Dial Gauge (also called a Dial Indicator or Dial Test Indicator) is a
precision measuring instrument used to measure small linear
displacements, deviations, or variations in flatness, roundness, or
alignment of a surface. It is widely used in machining, tool alignment, and
quality inspection.
🔧 Main Parts of a Dial Gauge
1. Dial (circular scale) – graduated scale, usually in mm or inches.
2. Pointer (needle) – rotates over the dial to indicate measurement.
3. Plunger/Spindle – moves in and out when it contacts the surface.
4. Rack and Pinion mechanism – converts the linear movement of the
plunger into circular movement of the pointer.
5. Bezel – adjustable ring to set zero reference.
6. Locking screw – to fix the bezel in place.
7. Stem/Body – the main frame for holding the instrument.
⚙️Principle of Working
When the plunger contacts a surface, it moves up or down.
This movement is transferred via a rack-and-pinion gear system to
rotate the pointer.
The pointer’s deflection on the dial shows the amount of displacement.
📏 Specifications
Range: Commonly 0–10 mm, 0–30 mm, or more.
Least Count: 0.01 mm (metric type) or 0.001 in (imperial type).
Types:
o Plunger type (standard).
o Lever type (dial test indicator).
Uses of Dial Gauge
1. Checking roundness/cylindricity of shafts.
2. Measuring flatness of a surface.
3. Alignment of lathe machine tailstock, milling setups, or jigs.
4. Measuring runout (eccentricity) in rotating parts.
5. Comparing dimensions during go/no-go inspection.
✅ Example Application
If a dial gauge is placed on a rotating shaft to check runout, and the pointer
deflects by 0.05 mm, it means the shaft is eccentric by 0.05 mm.
