Python Basics – Teacher Style Guide
1. Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language. It is easy to read and write, making it perfect
for beginners.
Python uses indentation (spaces) instead of curly braces {} to define code blocks.
Example:
print("Hello, World!")
2. Variables
Variables store data values. Python automatically detects the type.
Example:
name = "LIXRL" # string
age = 18 # integer
height = 5.9 # float
is_student = True # boolean
3. Data Types
Python has several basic types:
- int: 10
- float: 3.14
- str: "Hello"
- bool: True or False
- list: [1,2,3]
- tuple: (1,2,3)
- dict: {"name": "LIXRL", "age": 18}
- set: {1,2,3}
4. Operators
- Arithmetic: + - * / % // **
- Comparison: == != > < >= <=
- Logical: and, or, not
Example:
a = 5; b = 3
print(a + b) # 8
print(a > b) # True
5. Conditional Statements (if-else)
age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("Adult")
else:
print("Minor")
6. Loops
For loop repeats for a fixed number of times:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
While loop runs until condition is false:
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
7. Functions
Functions group code together.
def greet(name):
print(f"Hello, {name}!")
greet("LIXRL")
Functions can return values:
def add(a, b):
return a + b
print(add(5,3))
8. Lists
Lists store multiple ordered items.
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("orange")
print(fruits[0])
9. Dictionaries
Store key-value pairs.
person = {"name":"LIXRL","age":18}
print(person["name"])
person["age"] = 19
10. File Handling
with open("test.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello LIXRL!")
with open("test.txt", "r") as file:
print(file.read())
11. Comments
Use # for single-line, and triple quotes for multi-line comments.
# This is a comment
"""
This is a multi-line comment
"""
Summary:
- Python is beginner-friendly
- Use variables, data types, loops, conditions
- Functions make code reusable
- Lists and dictionaries store multiple values
- Files allow saving and reading data
- Comments explain code