BCYSCE105 Cybersecurity and
Cloud Computing Dept.
LINUX AMINSTRATION
Northern Technical University
Technical Engineering College For Computer & AI
Assist. Lec. Sarmad Rashed
1st Grade
Lect. 06
Linux Shell - Networking
and Package Management
What is Networking?
• Networking connects your computer to other devices or
the internet.
• Examples: Sharing files, accessing websites, or remote
login.
What is Package Management?
• Package management helps you install, update, and
manage software on Linux.
• Examples: Installing a text editor, updating the system,
or removing unused software.
Basics of Linux
Networking
Why Networking Matters:
• Enables communication between computers.
• Let you access the internet and share resources.
• Example: Using SSH to connect to a remote server.
Common Tasks:
• Checking connectivity.
• Configuring network interfaces.
• Troubleshooting network issues.
Networking Command: ping
What Does ping Do?
Checks if another device is reachable and measures the
response time.
Example:
ping ntu.edu.iq
Output:
Shows if packets are sent and received successfully with
round-trip times.
Networking Command: curl and wget
curl: (Client Unified Resource Location)
Fetches data from a URL and displays it in the terminal.
curl https://ntu.edu.iq
wget: (“World Wide Web" and "get")
Downloads files from the web to your local system.
wget https://ntu.edu.iq/file.txt
Use Case:
• Use curl to test API responses or check website content.
• Use wget to download large files from the internet.
Introduction to Package Management
What is a Package Manager?
• A tool to install, update, and remove software packages.
• Simplifies the process of managing dependencies.
Popular Package Managers:
• apt for Debian/Ubuntu.
• dnf/yum for Fedora/Red Hat.
• pacman for Arch Linux.
Example:
• Installing a browser, updating your system, or adding a
programming library.
Installing Software with apt
Basic Command:
sudo apt install package_name
Example:
sudo apt install vim
Explanation:
• sudo: Runs the command with admin rights.
• install: Tells apt to add software.
Real-World Use:
Install a text editor (like Vim) or a media player.
Updating and Removing Software with apt
Update All Software:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
• update: Fetches the latest package information.
• upgrade: Updates all installed software.
Remove Software:
sudo apt remove package_name
• Example: Removing unused applications to free up space.
Managing Groups of Packages
What Are Package Groups?
• A collection of related software bundled together.
Installing a Group (Example with dnf):
sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools”
• Installs compilers, debuggers, and libraries for
development.
Listing Available Groups:
sudo dnf grouplist
Real-World Use:
• Quickly set up environments for programming, gaming,
or web servers
Additional Networking and Package
Commands
Download and Install a DEB Package:
wget http://ubuntu.com/package.deb
sudo dpkg -i package.deb
Clean Up Unused Packages:
sudo apt autoremove
Restart Network Service:
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
Summary
• Networking commands like ping, curl, to configure
connectivity.
• Package managers like apt and dnf make software
installation and updates easy.
