ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SYMBOLS
Component Name Symbol Description
1. External Grid Reference power infeed into
a feeder line
2. Synchronous Machine It can be synchronous
generator or synchronous
motor
3. Distribution transformer Simplified representation of
station a transformer with
associated feeders
4. Substation Simplified representation of
a substation with associated
feeders
5. Bus Bar Interconnector for different
components e.g.
transformers, lines, loads.
6. Junction/ Internal Node Same role as a bus but it’s
mostly used when
connecting a single
component
7. Two winding Used to step/down voltage
Transformer e.g. 132/11 kV,11/0.415 kV
8. Three winding Used to step/down voltage
Transformer e.g. 132/33/11 kV
Has a tertiary winding
9. Transmission Line Representation of 3
conductors used in power
transmission & distribution
10. Load Represents the constant
power load connected to the
grid
11. Loaded Feeder line Represents a feeder
supplying loads
12. Isolator/Disconnector Operates as switch that e.g.
LBS, ABS
13. Circuit Breaker Closed circuit breaker
Open circuit Breaker
14. Fuse Destructive switch
15. Ground switch
16. Surge arrester Absorbing over voltages
17. CT Step down current for
instrumentation and
metering purposes
18. CVT Step down voltage for
instrumentation and
metering purposes
19. Series Reactor
20. Series Filter
21. Shunt capacitor
Interpretation of the color legend:
1. Voltage
These colors will always be used for buses and internal nodes.
Example: If the voltage ra ng of a bus is 33 kV,
𝑉
𝑃𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 (𝑝. 𝑢) 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 =
𝑉
Case 1: For actual voltage equal to 33 kV
33
𝑃𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 (𝑝. 𝑢) 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 = = 1.0 (𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛)
33
