COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Department of Electrical Engineering (Islamabad Campus)
Antenna Theory and Radio Waves Propagation
LAB # 3
Dipole Antennas
Lab Instructor: Bilal Tariq Malik Course Instructor: Adnan Iftikhar
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
Dipole Antennas
Note: Lab-2 is the pre-requisite of this Lab.
OBJECTIVE
This Lab is intended to show you how to Create, Simulate, and Analyze a Monopole and Dipole Antennas shown in Fig (1), using the Ansoft HFSS.
Fig (1): Dipole Antenna.
1 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
Dipole Antenna:
A Dipole antenna is a radio antenna that can be made of a simple wire, with a centerfed driven element. It consists of two metal conductors of rod or wire, oriented parallel and collinear with each other (in line with each other), with a small space between them. The radio frequency voltage is applied to the antenna at the center, between the two conductors as shown in Fig: (1).
Design at f = 800MHz 1. Create Geometry of Dipole Antenna
Set Units Select the units mm. Set Material Select the material as Copper. Draw a Cylinder with Name: Pole1 Cylinder position X: 0.0 Y: 0.0 Z: 6.0 Draw a Cylinder with Name: Pole2 Cylinder position X: 0.0 Y: 0.0 Z: -6.0 Radius dX: 6.0 dY: 0.0 dZ: 0.0 Height dX: 0.0 dY: 0.0 dZ: -75.0 Radius dX: 6.0 dY: 0.0 dZ: 0.0 Height dX: 0.0 dY: 0.0 dZ: 75.0
To fit the view: Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View
2 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
2. Create Lumped Port Excitation
To set the Grid Plane: Select the menu item Modeler > Grid Plane > YZ Draw a rectangle with Name: Lumped Port Rectangle position X: 0 Y: -6.0 Z: -6.0 Opposite Corner dX: 0 dY: 12.0 dZ: 12.0
Fig (2): Lumped Port Excitation
3. Create Air
To set the default material: Using the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose vacuum. Draw a box with Name: Air Box position X: -100 Y: -100 Z: -200 Opposite Corner dX: 200 dY: 200 dZ: 400
Fig (3): Air 3 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
4. Create Radiation Boundary
a) To create a face list. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name. Select Object Dialog, o Select the objects named: Air o Click the OK button. Select the menu item HFSS > Boundaries > Assign > Radiation. Radiation Boundary window o Name: Rad1 o Click the OK button
5. Create a Radiation Setup
a) To define the radiation setup Select the menu item HFSS > Radiation > Insert Far Field Setup > Infinite Sphere Far Field Radiation Sphere Setup dialog. o Phi: Start: 0 Stop: 360 Step Size: 2 o Theta: Start: -180 Stop: 180 Step Size: 2 Click the OK button.
Analysis Setup
1. Creating an Analysis Setup
a) To create an analysis setup: Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Solution Setup. Solution Setup Window: Solution Frequency: 800 MHz Maximum Number of Passes: 20 Maximum Delta S per Pass: 0.002
Click the OK button.
4 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
2. Adding a Frequency Sweep
a) To add a frequency sweep: Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Sweep. o Select Solution Setup: Setup1 o Click the OK button. Edit Sweep Window: o Sweep Type: Fast. o Frequency Setup Type: Linear Count. Start: 600 MHz Stop: 1000 MHz Count: 100 Save Fields: Checked. o Click the OK button.
Analyze
1. Model Validation
a) To validate the model: Select the menu item HFSS > Validation Check. Click the Close button. Note: To view any errors or warning messages, use the Message Manager.
2. Analyze
a) To start the solution process: Select the menu item HFSS > Analyze.
5 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
REPORTS
1. Create Modal S-Parameter Plot - Magnitude
Create report (Modal S-Parameter Plot - Magnitude) of the Model.
Fig (4): S-Parameter Plot
2. Create Far Field Radiation Pattern
Create report (Far Field Radiation Pattern & 3-D Polar Plot) of the Model.
Ansoft Corporation
Radiation Pattern 2
0
HFSSDesign1
Curve Info dB(GainTotal) Setup1 : LastAdaptive Phi='0deg' dB(GainTotal) Setup1 : LastAdaptive Phi='90deg'
-30 -4.00
30
-18.00 -60 -32.00 60
-46.00
-90
90
-120
120
-150 -180
150
Fig (5): 2-D Radiation Pattern of Dipole Antenna. 6 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
Antenna Theory and Radio Wave Propagation
Spring 2012
Fig (6): 3-D Polar Plot Dipole Antenna.
In-Lab Task:
Design a Dipole Antenna for f = 1800MHz and create Reports of the Model, also find out: Lower & Higher Frequencies Bandwidth of Antenna Max. Gain of Antenna Return loss at f=1800MHz Comparison of Radiation Patterns for f=800MHz & f=1800 MHz
Post- Lab Task:
Design a Dipole Antenna for (f = Reg. #/10) GHz and create Reports of the Model, also find out: Lower & Higher Frequencies Bandwidth of Antenna Max. Gain of Antenna Return loss at f= (Reg. #/10) GHz
7 Lab-3. Dipole Antennas
