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Investigation of Port Capacity by Computer Simulation Model

The document summarizes a study that used computer simulation to analyze the capacity of a port terminal. It describes building a simulation model using real data on ship arrivals and departures from a port in Melbourne. The model simulated the current terminal operations and a proposed system of direct ship-to-rail loading and distribution centers. Simulation results showed that the proposed system reduced ships' time at berth by 8%, stacking area occupancy by 18%, and berth occupancy by 11%, while also reducing inventory costs and improving environmental impacts. The study demonstrated how computer simulation can help evaluate complex port systems and investigate the benefits of operational changes.

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71 views20 pages

Investigation of Port Capacity by Computer Simulation Model

The document summarizes a study that used computer simulation to analyze the capacity of a port terminal. It describes building a simulation model using real data on ship arrivals and departures from a port in Melbourne. The model simulated the current terminal operations and a proposed system of direct ship-to-rail loading and distribution centers. Simulation results showed that the proposed system reduced ships' time at berth by 8%, stacking area occupancy by 18%, and berth occupancy by 11%, while also reducing inventory costs and improving environmental impacts. The study demonstrated how computer simulation can help evaluate complex port systems and investigate the benefits of operational changes.

Uploaded by

vnath8100
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INVESTIGATION OF PORT

CAPACITY BY COMPUTER
SIMULATION MODEL
Riya jayasankar
08MS06F

OVERVIEW
Introduction
Statistical

analysis
Port terminal simulation model
Current

system
Proposed system
The structure of the model
Simulation
Case

study
Conclusion

results

INTRODUCTION
A

port simulation model is a facility


used by port management for
determining the effects of changes in
throughput, and various operational,
technological and investment options
and, thus, to assist in decision
making process

Statistical analysis
The most important elements in a port system
ship manoeuvring
berthingde-berthing (or berth utilisation)
crane allocation/ship (or service time) and
stacking area's activity
The operational failure to any of the above
elements will have a direct impact on ships
and their behaviour in port including ships'
queuing.

Port terminal simulation


model
Commonly used simulation softwares
are
Simview version 2.31
Simview(1995)
GPSS/H
Simprocess
Simfactory version 6.1
Taylor II

The structure of the model


The

procedures for assigning vessels,


berths, gantry cranes, RTG cranes
and straddle carriers/forklifts
combined with rail/road transport
and stacking area are the main
frame of the model for simulation

Base-plan for simulation


model.

Simulation results
In

the current system, after


unloading process, all unloaded
containers are stacked on the
designated slots in terminal

in

the proposed model, large portion


of containers are taken to DCs by rail
shortly after unloading.

Saving derived from the


proposed system
(a)

the presence of distribution centres


in the chain of transport improves the
method of terminal operations
(b) creates more space for container
stacking
(c) reduces congestion within terminal
(d) reduces ship's time at port
(e) increases berth availability

Case study
To

obtain meaningful measurements


a set of real-time data regarding
arrival/departure of ships from
arriving to a container terminal was
studied in Melbourne as a case study

Table 1 illustrates some of the statistical


data derived from 1999 real-time
operations.

Table 2. Illustrates statistics of the real-time


operation used for modelling purposes

Results
The presence of every extra ship at
berth influences the level of
congestion of that terminal.

The

level of terminal occupancy for


two different methods of operations
is

The dwell time element plays a major role in


terminal capacity calculations

any

reduction in container's dwell time will


lead to increase in space for container
stacking and lesser terminal congestion.

Simulation results for comparison


purposes
Simulated
elements

Value(current)

Value(proposed)

Ships time at berth(h) 20,330

18,765

Stacking area
occupancy(,%)

43.9625

25.1275

Berth occupancy(,%) 46.6666

35.7000

The proposed method of ship-to-rail


direct loading combined with
distribution centre also provides the
Ship's timefollowing
saving:by 8% leading
at berth reduced
to approximately $2.7m saving per annum.
Container terminals' expansion will be
decreased
inventory cost reduced by 46%
($20m/annum)
improve the environment by using trains
rather than truck leading to saving in the
usage of energy

CONCLUSION
The

use of computer simulation has


become a standard approach for
evaluating design of complex cargo
handling facilities.
It enabled us to investigate the
positive impact of ship-to-rail direct
loading on the capacity of a container
terminal using the real-time statistics

REFERENCES
E.G.Frankel(1987).terminal

capacity,port planning and


development
PIANC(1992). Overview of simulation
techniques.
www.sciencedirect.com

Thank you

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