Titanium
By: Paul M
History of Titanium
In 1789 Rev. W. Gregor discovers
Titanium dioxide in Rutile.
1795 Klaporth rediscovers titanium
dioxide and recognizes it as the oxide of
a metal to which he gives the name
titanium.
History of Titanium
continued
1821-3 Rose reports on titanium, its oxides
and sulphides. These were the first reports
on pure compounds of this element.
1825 Berzelius isolates metallic titanium.
1869 Schonn reports yellow color produced
by reacting titanium salts with hydrogen
peroxide.
Titanium
Name: titanium Group number: 4
Symbol: Ti
Group name: transition elements
Atomic number: 22
Atomic weight: Period number: 4
47.867
(1) Block: d-block
CAS Registry ID: Standard state: solid at 298 K
7440-32-6
Colour: silvery metallic
Description of Titanium
Titanium, when pure, is a lustrous,
white metal.
Titanium minerals are quite common.
The metal has a low density, good
strength, is easily fabricated, and has
excellent corrosion resistance. The
metal burns in air and is the only
element that burns in nitrogen. It is
marvelous in fireworks.
Uses of Titanium
Titanium is used for alloys with with
aluminum,molybdenum, manganese, iron,
and other metals.These alloys of titanium are
used principally in the aerospace industry, for
both airframes and engines, where
lightweight strength and ability to withstand
extremes of temperature are important.
Titanium is as strong as steel, but much
lighter. It is twice as strong as aluminum. It is
nearly as resistant to corrosion as platinum.
Titanium is a component of joint replacement
parts, including hip ball and sockets.
Uses of Titanium
cont.
It has excellent resistance to sea water
and is used for propeller shafts, rigging,
and other parts of ships exposed to salt
water. A titanium anode coated with
platinum provides cathodic protection
from corrosion by salt water. Titanium
paint is an excellent reflector of infrared
radiation, and is extensively used in
solar observatories where heat causes
poor viewing conditions.
Continued
Pure titanium dioxide is relatively clear and
has an extremely high index of refraction with
an optical dispersion higher than diamond. It
is produced artificially for use as a gemstone,
but it is relatively soft. Star sapphires and
rubies exhibit their asterism as a result of the
presence of TiO2. The dioxide is used
extensively for paint as it is permanent and
has good covering power. Titanium oxide
pigment accounts for the largest use of the
element.
Info on Titanium
Titanium is resistant to dilute sulphuric
and hydrochloric acid, most organic
acids, damp chlorine gas, and chloride
solutions. Titanium metal is considered
to be physiologically inert. Titanium is
present in meteorites and in the sun.
Some lunar rocks contain high
concentrations of the dioxide, TiO2.
Titanium oxide bands are prominent in
the spectra of M-type stars.
Reactions
The picture shows the
result from adding
titanium powder to a
burning mixture of
potassium chlorate and
sucrose. Do not attempt
this reaction unless are
a professionally
qualified chemist and
you have carried out a
legally satisfactory
hazard assessment.
More Reactions
This picture shows the
reaction between titanium
metal and potassium
perchlorate (KClO4). Do
not attempt this reaction
unless are a professionally
qualified chemist and you
have carried out a legally
satisfactory hazard
assessment. Improperly
done, this reaction is
dangerous!
Fun Facts
titane means Titanium in French.
Titan means Titanium in German.
titanio means Titanium in Italy.
Titânio means Titanium in Portuguese.
titanio means Titanium in Spanish.
Titan means Titanium in Sweden.
