SOCIAL MOVEMENT
and
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
COLLECTIVE
BEHAVIOR
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
A non-institutionalized activity in
which several people voluntary
engage.
Occurs in stress situations, usually
brought by social change, and is
characterized by a high degree of
emotions.
They may produce new cultural
directions and establish new
folkways, mores, and values.
This plays an important role in the
FORMS OF
COLLECTIVE
BEHAVIOR
FORMS OF COLLECTIVE
BEHAVIOR
1. CROWD
. A transitory group of persons in an ambiguous and (for some
degree) unstructured situation in which participants dont
have a clear and pre-existing knowledge of how to behave
but feel that they can do something to correct the situation.
. Casual Crowds
. Consists of people who are in the same place at the same
time, but not really interacting. (Standing in lines)
. Conventional Crowds
. Those who come together for a scheduled event. (Concerts)
. Acting Crowds
. Focuses on a specific goal or action. (Protests, Riots)
. Expressive Crowds
. People who join together to express emotion. (Weddings,
Funerals)
FORMS OF COLLECTIVE
BEHAVIOR
2. Mass
. A relatively large and dispersed number of people with a
common interest.
. The members are largely unknown to one another and who
are incapable of acting together in a concerted way to
achieve objectives.
. Audience of Game of Thrones, Televisions, Films, Books
3. Public
. An unorganized, relatively diffused group of people who
share ideas on an issue
. Social Conservatives
4. Social Movement
. A purposeful, organized groups striving to work toward a
common goal.
SOCIAL
MOVEMEN
TS
SOCIAL
MOVEMENT
It is a type of collectivity composed
of people who share sentiments or
grievances who unite to promote or
resist change.
Function of the level of social and
economic deprivation of a group.
A purposeful, organized groups
striving to work toward a common
goal.
FORMATION OF
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
All social movements
FORMATION
OF start
SOCIAL
with a feeling
of discontent with the existing social
MOVEMENTS
order.
Frustration
An ideology which is codified from ideas,
beliefs, values, principles and doctrines of
people.
Communication.
The group may opt for aggressive or
non-aggressive strategies.
A social movement must be led by
competent leaders.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
TYPES OF SOCIAL
1. EXPRESSIVE MOVEMENT
MOVEMENTS
. Form of dissent against the existing
power structures.
. It is not directed to bring about change
in power relations; rather, it is a reaction
to a sense of powerlessness or
alienation and dissatisfaction.
. Members are usually detached and
dissatisfied with the society.
. They are meaning seeking.
. Their goal is to provoke inner change or
spiritual growth in individuals.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
2. RESISTANCE AND PROTEST MOVEMENTS
RESISTANCE MOVEMENT
This is brought about by structural strain.
It aims to change existing social values and
institutions which members consider decadent.
PROTEST MOVEMENT
Aims to oppose social policies or programs.
They are an expression of dissent and a need for
change.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
3. REFORM MOVEMENTS
Seek to change something specific about the
social structure.
Directed at changing certain aspect of the social
class structure or a segment of the power
relations in a social system.
They aim to make existing social structure work
more effectively by extending rights or
privileges to certain groups.
They are generally interest groups design to aid
their members; act as pressure groups for
promoting or resisting actual changes in social
norms and values.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
4. REBELLLION AND REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS
Seek to completely change every aspect of
society, or;
Aims to change the whole social order and replace
the leadership.
Revolutionary Movements involve more radical
changes in the society.
REVOLUTION has a long background of unrest and
dissatisfaction among people, but needs a
precipitating crisis to start it.
5. NON-VIOLENT AND PEACEFUL REVOLUTIONS
PEACEFUL REVOLUTION
A revolution using mostly campaigns of civil resistance,
including various forms of nonviolent protest, to bring
about the departure of governments seen as entrenched
and authoritarian.
Peaceful revolution or bloodless coup is a radical
restructuring of society that occurs without violence.
A peaceful revolution happens when there are two
sides and one of them is not willing to use armed
force.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
NON-VIOLENT REVOLUTION
They refuse to use violence.
Bloodless War
If the revolutionists are willing to use force, but the
loyalists (government) negotiate or surrender to divert
armed conflict.
STAGES OF
SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
STAGES OF SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
Blumer (1969) and Tilly (1978) outlined this four-stage process:
1. Preliminary Stage
o. People become aware of an issue and leaders emerge.
2. Coalescence Stage
o. This is when people join together and organize in order to publicize the
issue and raise awareness.
3. Institutionalization Stage
o. The movement no longer requires grassroots volunteerism: it is an
established organization, typically peopled with a paid staff.
4. Decline Stage
o. This is when people fall away, adopt a new movement, the movement
successfully brings about the change it sought, or people no longer take
the issue seriously.
SOURCES:
Sociology: Focus on the
Philippines (4th Edition) Isabel
Panopio & Adelisa Raymundo
Introduction to Sociology (1st
Canadian Edition) William
Little
