Seminar
on
SMART CARDS
Guide:M.Cheenya
Incharge:V.Himaja
Presented by:
Content
Introduction
History
What is a Smart Card?
Construction of Smart Cards
Examples of Smart Cards
Application
Types of Smart Cards
Parts of Smart Cards
Advantages
Disadvantages
conclusion
Introduction
In 1968
German
inventors patent
combination of
plastic cards
with micro chips.
History
1968
German inventor Jurgen Dethloff along with Helmet Grotrupp
filed a patent for using plastic as a carrier for microchips.
1970
Dr. Kunitaka Arimura of Japan filed the first and only patent
on the smart card concept
1974
Roland Moreno of France files the original patent for the IC
card, later dubbed the smart card.
1977
Three commercial manufacturers, Bull CP8, SGS Thomson,
and Schlumberger began developing the IC card product.
History
1979
Motorola developed first single chip Microcontroller
for French Banking
1982
World's first major IC card testing
1992
Nationwide prepaid card project started in Denmark
1999
Federal Government began a Federal employee
smart card identification
What is a Smart Card?
Standard credit card-sized
with microchip embedded
on it
Two types
Memory-only chips
Microprocessor chips
What is a Smart Card?
Can hold up to 32,000 bytes
Newer smart cards have math co-
processors
Perform
complex
routines quickly
encryption
Construction of Smart Cards
Construction of Smart
Cards
Construction of Smart
Cards
Construction of Smart Cards
GND
Vcc
Vpp
RST
CLK
RFU
RFU
Examples of Smart Cards
Applications
Payment System
Smart Networking
National ID / Authentication
University Identification
Financial Applications
Retail & Loyalty
Communication Applications
Transportation
Payment System
A payment function
is an integral part of
most
smart
card
applications because
most services
accessible by smart
cards must be paid
one way or the other.
Smart Networking
Smart card technologies
provide strong security
through encryption as
well as access control,
based on identification
technologies such as
biometrics.
National ID /
Authentication
In the wake of 9/11 attack a
need has been felt in many
countries for tamperproof ID
cards
and
a
secure
authenticating
device.
Many
countries all over the world are
trying out, and implementing, the
smart card option as a national
identity card.
University Identification
The traditional student ID card
can be replaced by an allpurpose chip-based student ID
card, containing a variety of
applications such as electronic
purse for vending and laundry
machines, and for use as a
library card, and meal card.
Financial Applications
Smart cards are being used as
an electronic purse, or epurse,
to replace coins for small
purchases in vending machines
and
over-the
counter
transactions.
This
area
is
growing rapidly in Europe and
the U.S.
Retail & Loyalty
Smart
cards are used to record the
transactions of the customer, which are
helpful in implementation of loyalty programs.
Consumer reward/redemption is tracked on a
smart loyalty card that is marketed to
specific
consumer profiles and linked to one or more
specific retailers serving that profile set.
Communication
Applications
The
chip-based cards help secure the
initiation of calls and the identification of
callers (for billing purposes) on any Global
System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
phone
Transportation
Mass
transit fare collection
systems are using smart tickets,
which are easy to load and
redeem for a fare.
Types of Smart Cards
Contact Cards
Contactless Cards
Dual Interface / Combi cards
Contact Cards
The contact cards need to be in physical
contact with the card reader in order for
information to be exchanged. The
integrated circuit on the chip is connected
to a contact plate (typically a gold plate)
on the surface of the card.
Contact cards make up 91.92% of the
total smart card market as of 2002
Contactless Cards
Contact-less
smart cards contain an
embedded antenna, instead of contact pads
attached to the chip, for reading and writing
information contained in the chip's memory.
Contact-less cards do not have to be
inserted into a card acceptor device.
Student identification, electronic passport,
vending ,parking and tolls are common
applications for contact-less cards.
Dual Interface cards
In more recent developments, there are now
cards with both a contact and a contact less
interface (dual interface or combi-cards).
These
may
incorporate
two
noncommunicating chips - one for each interface but preferably have a single, dual interface
chip providing the many advantages of a
single e-purse, single operating architecture,
etc.
Parts of Smart Card
Generally, it is made up
of three elements. The
plastic card, a printed
circuit or contact disc
and an integrated circuit
chip are embedded on
the card.
Advantages
Flexibility
Security
Portability
Increasing data storage capacity
Reliability.
Disadvantages
Can be lost/stolen
Lack of user mobility only possible if user
has smart card reader every he goes
Has to use the same reader technology
Can be expensive
Working from PC software based token will
be better
Still working on bugs
Why Smart Cards?
Enhanced security
Offline transactions
Multifunctional
Customization
Economical
Portable
Future
Welfare
Health Services
Education
Transportation
Entitlement Documents
Telecommunications
Thank you
