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Problem 11 4 5

A 200 mol/h feed stream containing 42 mol% heptane and 58 mol% ethyl benzene is to be fractionated into a distillate of 97 mol% heptane and bottoms of 1.1 mol% heptane. The minimum reflux ratio (Rmin) is calculated to be 1.7, with a minimum number of theoretical trays (ntheo) of 6.5. At total reflux, the distillate flow rate is determined to be 85.3 mols/h and bottoms flow rate 114.7 mols/h.

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97 views10 pages

Problem 11 4 5

A 200 mol/h feed stream containing 42 mol% heptane and 58 mol% ethyl benzene is to be fractionated into a distillate of 97 mol% heptane and bottoms of 1.1 mol% heptane. The minimum reflux ratio (Rmin) is calculated to be 1.7, with a minimum number of theoretical trays (ntheo) of 6.5. At total reflux, the distillate flow rate is determined to be 85.3 mols/h and bottoms flow rate 114.7 mols/h.

Uploaded by

Yahyah Nahaboo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SAMPLE PROBLEM #17:

A total feed of 200 mol/h having an overall


composition of 42 mol % heptane and 58 mol %
ethyl benzene is to be fractionated at 101.3 kPa
pressure to give a distillate containing 97 mol %
heptane and a bottoms containing 1.1 mol %
heptane.
The feed enters the tower partially
vaporized so that 40 mol % is liquid and 60
mol % vapor.

Calculate the following:


(a) Moles per hour of distillate and bottoms.
(b) Minimum reflux ratio Rm.
(c) Minimum steps and theoretical trays at total
reflux.
(d) Theoretical number of trays required for an
operating reflux ratio of 2.5:1.

Equilibrium data are given below at 101.32 kPa abs


pressure for the mole fraction h-heptane xH and yH:

Temperature
K

409.3
402.6
392.6
383.8
376.0
371.5

136.1
129.4
119.4
110.6
102.8
098.3

xH

yH

0.000
0.080
0.250
0.485
0.790
1.000

0.000
0.230
0.514
0.730
0.904
1.000

SOLUTION

total
condenser
L0

200 mol/h
F
(q = 0.4)
xF = 0.42

Distilling
column
101.3 kPa
abs

R = 2.5

partial
reboiler

D
xD = 0.97

B
xB = 0.011

D, B = ?
Rmin = ?
ntheo at (R = ), nmin = ?
ntheo at (R= 2.5)
Solve for the y-intercept for the rectifying operating line
xD
R
y n1
xn
R 1
R 1
xD
0.97

0.277
R 1 2 .5 1

Solve for the slope of the feed line

q
0. 4
q-line slope

0.67
q 1 0 .4 1

Plotting the McCabe-Thiele diagram

4
5

nF = 7

6
7

8
9
10
11

n = 11.3
xB

xF

xD

Doing the material balances

Total balance
F = 200 = D + B
More volatile component balance
xFF = xDD + xBB
0.42(200) = 0.97D + 0.011B
Solving these two equations
D = 85.3 mols/h
B = 114.7 mols/h

Solving for Rmin

y-int for Rm = 0.36

xB
xD
y-int of rectifying line =
R 1
0.97
0.36
Rm 1

xF

xD
Rm = 1.7

Solving for nmin


2

3
4

6
7

Nmin = 7.5
xB

xF

N = 7.5 = theoretical trays + reboiler = n + 1


n = 6.5 theoretical trays

xD

SUMMARY

nF = 7, n = 11.3
D = 85.3 mols/h and B 114.7 mols/h
Rmin = 1.7
ntheo = 6.5

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