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Understanding The Perceptual Process l2

This document discusses the perceptual process from a designer's perspective. It defines sensation and perception, explaining that sensation refers to unprocessed sensory stimulation while perception involves interpreting and organizing sensations to produce meaningful experiences. It describes how perception involves cognition and uses principles like figure/ground relationships, gestalt laws of grouping, and visual illusions to organize raw input. The key gestalt laws discussed are proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, common fate, and simplicity. Finally, it provides examples of different types of visual illusions like illusions of length, perspective, illusory contours, impossible figures, and reversible figures.

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35 views39 pages

Understanding The Perceptual Process l2

This document discusses the perceptual process from a designer's perspective. It defines sensation and perception, explaining that sensation refers to unprocessed sensory stimulation while perception involves interpreting and organizing sensations to produce meaningful experiences. It describes how perception involves cognition and uses principles like figure/ground relationships, gestalt laws of grouping, and visual illusions to organize raw input. The key gestalt laws discussed are proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, common fate, and simplicity. Finally, it provides examples of different types of visual illusions like illusions of length, perspective, illusory contours, impossible figures, and reversible figures.

Uploaded by

bereket
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNDERSTANDING THE

PERCEPTUAL PROCESS
A Designers perspective
Perception and sensation
What is Sensation?
What is Perception?
Sensation
Refers to the immediate, relatively
unprocessed
result of stimulation of sensory
receptors in the eyes, ears, nose,
tongue, or skin.
Perception
A process by which organisms interpret and
organize sensation to produce a
meaningful
experience of the world.
Better describes ones ultimate experience of
the world and typically involves further
processing of sensory input.
In practice, sensation and perception are
virtually impossible to separate, because they
are part of one continuous process
How do we perceive?
Organizing raw sensory stimuli into
meaningful experiences involves
cognition, a
set of mental activities that includes
thinking,
knowing, and remembering.
Knowledge + experience
O lny srmat poelpe can raed
tihs.
The Psychology of Seeing
Seeing involves simplification and
categorization of information
How do we perceive?
Figure and ground
Gestalt laws of grouping
Figure and Ground
Few important observation about figure and
ground
Figure and ground cannot be seen
simultaneously, but can be seen
successively.
Even though the figure and ground are in
the same physical plane, the figure often
appears nearer to the observer.
Figure is seen as having contour; ground is
not.
Gestalt psychology
The whole is different than the sum
of its parts.
-Laws of perceptual organization
Gestalt laws of grouping
Proximity
Similarity
Continuity
Closure
Common Fate
Simplicity
Proximity
The closer objects are to one
another, the more likely we are to
mentally group them together.
Low of proximity
The objects near each other tend to be grouped
together
The circles at the left are appear to be grouped as
vertical columns , while those on the right appears
horizontal row
Similarity
The law of similarity leads us to link
together parts of the visual field that
are similar in color, lightness, texture,
shape, or any other quality.
Continuity
The law of continuity leads us to see
a line as continuing in a particular
direction, rather than making an
abrupt turn
Low of Continuity
Line are seen as following the smoothers
path.

In the image above, the top branch is seen as


Continuity the first segment of line. This
Allows us things as following smoothly
Without lines up to multiple parts
Closure
According to the law of closure, we
prefer complete forms to incomplete
forms.
Common Fate
The law of common fate leads us to
group together objects that move in
the same direction
Cont.
Because of this principle, we often
see flocks of birds or schools of fish
as one unit.
Simplicity
This general notion, encompasses all
other Gestalt laws.
This law states that people intuitively
prefer
the simplest, most stable of possible
organizations.
VISUAL ILLUSIONS
Illusion, a mistake in the perception of a
sensory experience.
A visual illusion occurs when our perceptual
experience of a stimulus is substantially
different from the actual stimulus we are
viewing.
Errors in perception are only considered
illusions if they are experienced by a large
number of people.
ILLUSIONS OF LENGTH
ILLUSIONS OF PERSPECTIVE
ILLUSORY CONTOURS
Illusory contours are edges, sides, or
lines that we perceive but that do not
actually exist.
IMPOSSIBLE FIGURES
When lines are used in a drawing as
distinguished from pigments in a painting,
they can be ambiguous in their
representation of surface. Contradictory
values of the information for layout may
be counterbalanced as in these two
examples
Cont.
REVERSIBLE FIGURES
Reversible figures are not true
illusions, because no false perception
occurs.
Exercise 1
1. Figure ground composition.
2. Reversible figure ground/ambiguity
between figure and ground.
3. Impossible figure/ Optical illusion.
Presentation technique should be
with 2-d collage method.
Thank u for your attention!!!

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