Key Performance Indicators
Key Performance Indicators (KPI) are a set of quantifiable
measures that a company or industry uses to gauge and
compare performance in terms of meeting their strategic and
operational goals.
KPIs vary between companies and industries, depending on
their priorities or performance criteria. Also referred to as "key
success indicators (KSI)".
Why Use KPI’s ?
Performance effectiveness.
For the accuracy, actual reflection of the process, efficacy in
delivering the outcome.
The effects of a change can be monitored reliably, repeatedly
and accurately by KPI.
Designing of KPI’s
KPIs should be clearly linked to the strategy, i.e. the things
that matter the most.
KPIs have to provide the answers to our most important
questions.
KPIs should be primarily designed to empower employees and
provide them with the relevant information to learn.
Identifying the KPI’s
Related to strategic aims.
Identify what makes the organization success or failures.
Controllable and accountable.
Qualitative and quantitative.
Long term and short term.
Contd…
Consider Stakeholder needs.
Identify important aspects.
Establish Company Goals and KPIs.
Select Performance Indicators and Metrics.
Set Targets and Track Performance.
Types of KPI’s
Process KPIs - measure the efficiency or productivity of a business
process. Examples - Days to deliver an order.
Input KPIs - measure assets and resources invested in or used to
generate business results. Examples - Dollars spent on research and
development, Funding for employee training, Quality of raw
materials.
Output KPIs - measure the financial and nonfinancial results of
business activities. Examples – Revenues.
Leading KPI measure activities that have a significant effect on
future performance.
Contd…
Lagging KPI is a type of indicator that reflect the success or failure after an
event has been consumed. Such as most financial KPIs, measure the output of
past activity.
Outcome KPI - Reflects overall results or impact of the business activity in
terms of generated benefits, as a quantification of performance. Examples are
customer retention, brand awareness.
Qualitative KPI - A descriptive characteristic, an opinion, a property or a trait.
Examples are employee satisfaction through surveys which gives a qualitative
report.
Quantitative KPI - A measurable characteristic, resulted by counting, adding, or
averaging numbers. Quantitative data is most common in measurement and
therefore forms the backbone of most KPIs. Examples are Units per man-hour
Characteristics of a good KPI
KPI is always connected with the corporate goals.
A KPI are decided by the management.
They are the leading indicators of performance desired by the
organization.
Easy to understand
Key Success Factors (KSFs) only change if there is a fundamental
shift in business objectives.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) change as objectives are met, or
management focus shifts.
Defining KPIs
KPIs are usually developed following the well-known S.M.A.R.T. criteria
originally developed by George T. Doran (Management Review, 1981)
and popularized by Peter Drucker.
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Result-oriented or Relevant
Time-bound