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Resistance Heating Methods

Resistance heating occurs when an electric current passes through a resistive material, causing it to heat up due to the energy being converted to thermal energy. There are three main types of resistance heating: direct, where current passes directly through the material to be heated; indirect, where a heating element is used to heat the material indirectly; and infrared/radiant heating, where materials are heated from a radiant heat source. Applications include resistance welding, electrode boilers, salt bath furnaces, room heaters, bimetallic strips, water heaters, and ovens.

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Maheshk Gowda
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338 views13 pages

Resistance Heating Methods

Resistance heating occurs when an electric current passes through a resistive material, causing it to heat up due to the energy being converted to thermal energy. There are three main types of resistance heating: direct, where current passes directly through the material to be heated; indirect, where a heating element is used to heat the material indirectly; and infrared/radiant heating, where materials are heated from a radiant heat source. Applications include resistance welding, electrode boilers, salt bath furnaces, room heaters, bimetallic strips, water heaters, and ovens.

Uploaded by

Maheshk Gowda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Resistance Heating

• When current passes through a resistance ,Power loss takes


place there in ,which appears in the form of heat

• Electrical energy converted into heat energy


H = I2Rt
Power loss = I2R watts
= VI Watts
= V2/R watt

1
Resistance Heating

Where R=Resistance of the element (Ω)


V=Voltage (Volt)
I=Current (ampere)

• The loss of energy takes place only in transferring


heat from element to charge or load

2
Types of Resistance Heating

The resistance heating is further classified into


three types

• Direct resistance heating

• Indirect resistance heating.

• Infra red or Radiant heating.

3
Direct Resistance Heating
A.C.or D.C

High resistance powder

furnace

charge

Fig. 1
4
Direct Resistance Heating

• Fig.1 shows direct


resistance heating A.C.or D.C

• In this method of heating,


current is passed through
the material or charge to High resistance powder

be heated furnace
• Charge is considered in a charge
furnace and two
electrodes or three
electrodes for 3phase are
immersed in the charge

5
Direct Resistance Heating

• The resistance offered by


the charge to the flow of A.C.or D.C
current causes power
loss I2R and it results in
the heating of the charge
High resistance powder

furnace
• The charge may be in the charge
form of solid pieces,
powder or liquid

6
Direct Resistance Heating

• When solid pieces are to


be heated a powder of A.C.or D.C
high resistivity material is
sprinkled over surface of
charge High resistance powder

• This is to avoid pinch furnace


effect charge
• The current passes
through the charge and
heat is produced

7
Applications

This method of heating is used in

• Resistance welding

• The electrode boiler for heating water


• Salt bath furnace which is used for hardening steel
tools and prevents oxidation

8
Indirect Resistance Heating

A.C or D.C

Chamber

Heating element

Charge

Furnace

Fig. 2
9
Indirect Resistance Heating

• Fig.2 shows indirect


resistance heating A.C or D.C

• In this method of heating, Chamber


Heating element
current is passed through
a high resistance wire Charge

known as heating Furnace


element
• The heating element can
be placed above or below
the furnace/charge

10
Indirect Resistance Heating

• Charge will enclose the


heating element for A.C or D.C
efficient heat transfer Chamber
Heating element
Charge
• The heat produced in the
element is transferred to Furnace
the charge by radiation or
convection methods

11
Application

This method of heating is used in

• Room heaters

• Bimetallic strip used in starters

• Water heater i.e. immersion heater

• Ovens like domestic cooking

• Salt bath furnace

12
THANK YOU

13

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