GREEK Column Use Columns

There were three main styles of columns in ancient Greek architecture: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The Doric column was plain and sturdy, representing strength. The Ionic column had a more delicate appearance with scrolls. The Corinthian column, the most ornate of the three, had leaves and flowers decorating its capital. Each column represented different aesthetics and conveyed different meanings.

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GREEK Column Use Columns

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THE GREEK COLUMNS

DEVELOPMENT & USE

KATHRYN URSENBACH
HUMANITIES 101
There are three different styles (also
called Orders) of Greek architecture:

DORIC IONIC CORINTHIAN

THE DORIC COLUMN
• Developed around the 6th century B.C.

• Used in Greece until about 100 BC

• No Base
• Shaft is wider at the bottom
• Shaft has 20 flutes
• Smooth, round capitals (tops)
• No carvings or other ornaments
The Doric column is oftentimes associated with
strength and masculinity.
The Parthenon Temple
THE IONIC COLUMN

• First used in the mid-6th century BC

• Stands on a base of stacked disks
• Shafts are usually fluted, but can be plain
• A pair of volutes (scroll-shaped ornaments)
decorates the capital

Roman historian Vitruvius compared this delicate

order to a female form, in contrast to the stockier
"male" Doric order.
The Temple of
Athena Nike
in Athens, Greece
THE CORINTHIAN COLUMN
• Probably invented by Callimachus, a Greek
sculptor and architect who lived in the 5th
century BC

• Named after Corinth, a city in Greece

• Developed in Athens, Greece
• Rarely used in Greece
• Fluted (grooved) shaft
• Capital decorated with scrolls, acanthus
leaves, and flowers

• Ornaments on the capital flare outwards,

suggesting a sense of height
Temple of
Olympian Zeus
in Athens, Greece.
Digital image. DeviantART. Web. 11 Sept. 2011. <http://browse.deviantart.com/?q=colesseum>.

Greek Columns. Digital image. Google Images. Web. 11 Sept. 2011. <http://images.google.com>.

"Temple of Athena Nike - Athens, Greece." Sacred Sites at Sacred Destinations - Explore Sacred
Sites, Religious Sites, Sacred Places. Web. 11 Sept. 2011. <http://www.sacred-
destinations.com/greece/athens-temple-of-athena-nike>.

"Doric Column - Definition of Doric Column - Architecture Glossary." Architecture and House
Styles and Building Design. Web. 11 Sept. 2011.
<http://architecture.about.com/od/buildingparts/g/doric-column.htm>.

“Ionic Column - Definition of Ionic Column - Architecture Glossary." Architecture and House
Styles and Building Design. Web. 11 Sept. 2011.
<http://architecture.about.com/od/buildingparts/g/ionic-column.htm>.

“Corinthian Column - Definition of Corinthian Column - Architecture Glossary." Architecture and

House Styles and Building Design. Web. 11 Sept. 2011.
<http://architecture.about.com/od/buildingparts/g/corinthian-column.htm>.

•Dietsch, Deborah K. "Greek Architecture: Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian? - For Dummies." How-To
Help and Videos - For Dummies. Web. 11 Sept. 2011. <http://www.dummies.com/how-
to/content/greek-architecture-doric-ionic-or-corinthian.html>.

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