ANCIENT
CHINESE
CIVILIZATION
(DYNASTIES)
GROUP 2:
Dashalynne Lim
Keeya Carino
Ga Eun
Chloe Cayago
Ralf Mangulabnan
Vincent Call
SUI DYNASTY
581 – 618 C.E
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EMPEROR:
Sui Yangdi
► ESTABLISHMENT
After the Emperor of the The Sui Dynasty was
Northern Zhou died, Yang founded, with Chang'an
Jian seized the throne for (currently Xian) the
himself and established capital and Luoyang the
the Sui dynasty auxiliary capital.
Thus In 589, the Sui
Court defeated the last of He was the father-in-law
the Southern Dynasties, of the last emperor of the
Chen, and unified the Northern Zhou
whole nation
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► THE GLORIOUS PERIOD
Reunification of
China
Block Printing The Grand Canal
Contribution
of Sui
Dynasty
Coinage
Porcelain
Standardization
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► DECLINE AND RUIN
He employed two million
laborers to built the
second capital city of
Luoyang.
He was a typical tyrant
Craving greatness and
success, Emperor Yang
also waged war against
Gaoli (current Korea).
Yang Guang took over
Both burdensome military
service and heavy corvee
labor forced peasants to
leave their farmland.
Emperor Yang Guang led a
luxurious and corrupt life
Later, famine was common
and caused by the
resulting desolation
leaving all the countryside
in extreme misery.
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► EMPERORS OF SUI DYNASTY
ORDER NAMES/P.O.R NOTES
He was the father-in-law of the last
Yang Jian emperor of the Northern Zhou; After
1
Sui Wendi the emperor died, he seized the
(581 – 604) throne for himself and established
the Sui Dynasty.
Yang Guang The second son of Sui Wendi; known
2 Sui Yangdi as the tyrant who led the Sui Dynasty
(605 – 618) to decline.
The last emperor of Sui Dynasty who
Yang You
3 yielded the throne to Li Yuan (later
Sui Gongdi
Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty
(617 – 618)
(618-907))
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T’ANG
DYNASTY
619 - 907 C.E
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EMPERORS
OF T'ANG
DYNASTY
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►EMPEROR GAOZU
•Born-Death: 566-635
•Name: Li Yuan - the first
emperor of the Tang Dynasty,
he was the senior minister of
the Sui Dynasty (581 - 618)
and grew up during the
rebellions.
•Reign Title: Kaihuang
•Reign Period: 618-626
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►EMPEROR T’AI TSUNG
•Born-Death: 599-649
•Name: Li Shimin - a great
militarist, politician and
calligrapher in Chinese
History, he inaugurated the
'Zhenguan Era', and pushed
China's feudal society to its
peak.
•Reign Title: Zhenguan
•Reign Period: 627-649
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►EMPEROR GAOZONG
•Born-Death: 628-683
•Name: Li Zhi - the ninth son of
Emperor Taizong, he conquered many
minority groups, making the territory
the largest in the Tang Dynasty. In his
later years, due to his poor health, he
gradually lost control of the state, and
Empress Wu Zetian rose to power.
•Reign Title: Yonghui
•Reign Period: 650-683
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►EMPEROR ZHONGZONG
•Born-Death: 656-710
•Name: Li Xian - the seventh son of
Emperor Gaozong, he formally ascended to
the throne in 683, but was a puppet for Wu
Zetian who ruled the court from behind the
scenes. In 684, he was deposed and
degraded as Prince of Luling. In 705, he
assumed the throne again, and ruled for five
years, during which time the power was
actually wielded by Empress Wei.
•Reign Title: Hongdao and
Shenlong
•Reign Period: 683, 705-710
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The T’ang Dynasty considered
as a great dynasty, it expanded
it’s territory; redeveloped
Chang’an, and constructed
huge palaces and temples
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SONG
DYNASTY
960 - 1279 C.E
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•In 960, Song Taizu reunited China. He was the first Song emperor.
•This dynasty lasted for about three centuries (960-1279 B.C.).
•Song armies never regained the western lands lost after 751 nor did
they regain the northern lands.
•Song emperors tried to buy peace with their northern enemies. This
policy failed.
•In the early 1100s, a Manchurian people called the Jurchen took over
northern China and established the Jin Empire. They forced the Song to
retreat south across the Huang He.
•After 1126, the Song emperors ruled only southern China. They
established a grand new capital at Hangzhou, a city on the coast to the
south of the Yangtze.
•he south eventually became the economic heartland of China.
Merchants in southern cities grew rich trades with the Chinese in the
north, nomads of Central Asia, and people of western Europe.
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YUAN
DYNASTY
1278 – 1368 C.E
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►THE YUAN DYNASTY
•Capital: Dadu (Beijing)
•Languages: Chinese, Mongolian
•Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Chinese folk religion,
Tengriism, Christianity, Islam
•Gov’t: Monarchy
•Currency: Paper Currency [Chao], Chinese cash
•Today part of: Burma, China, India, North Korea, South
Korea, Laos Mongolia, Russia, Hong Kong, Macao, Vietnam
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FOUNDING OF YUAN DYNASTY
•Kublai Khan (1260-1294)
‣Known as the Great Khan
‣True founder and emperor of the Yuan
Dynasty
‣First Mongol(non-Chinese) emperor of
china
‣Genghis Khan’s grandson
‣Defeated his younger brother Ariq Boke in a
succession war
‣Invasions of Japan in 1274 and 1281, were
failures
‣Invasions of Java in 1293 was also failure.
‣Transferred the Mongol capital from
Karakorum to Peking Jens
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MARCO POLO
‣A Venetian traveller
‣A good friend of Kublai Khan
‣Worked as an envoy for Kublai
‣Messenger to the Western world
‣Told the story of his travels in a book
entitled The Travels of Marco Polo
Arrival of Marco
Polo and his
uncle at the court
of Kublai Khan
at Peking. Jens
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MING
DYNASTY
1368 – 1644 C.E
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DECLINE OF YUAN/RISE OF THE MING
‣Civil War
‣Change of life
‣Repeated natural disaster
‣Massive peasant rebellions
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KEY PEOPLE
•Zhu Yuanzhang also known as ‘Hongwu’ meaning Vast Militaru
‣Founder
‣Favored violence
‣Created reforms
‣Wanted to erase Mongol past
‣Maintained strong military
•Yanglo/Yongle
‣Persued aggressive and expansionist policies
‣Continues Hongwu’s policies and moved capital to Beijing
‣Launced expeditions
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•ZHENG HE
‣Led expeditions to SE Asia, India, and eastern coast of Africa starting in 1405
‣Distributed gifts to show Chinese splendor
‣Last voyages completed in 1433
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