HAZOP (IEC 61882)
PREPARED BY ATIQ UR REHMAN
LEAN AUTOMATION
Contents
What is HAZOP?
Formal Definition of HAZOP
Applications of HAZOP
Relation with other analysis tools
HAZOP during different system life cycle phase
Study Procedure
Example
What is HAZOP?
The word “HAZOP” is the combination of two words.
“Hazard” and “Operability”
So, HAZOP stands for Hazard and Operability Studies.
Definition of HAZOP
HAZOP is a structured and systematic technique for examining a defined
system, with the objective of:
Identifying potential hazards in the system. The hazards involved in the area of
the system and environmental hazards.
Identifying potential operability problems with the system.
Identifying causes of operational disturbances and production deviations likely
to lead to non-conforming products.
Applications of HAZOP
Originally HAZOP was used in Process Industries for the Material Flow
Process.
Area of Application widened in the recent years
Now includes usage for (For Example):
Software Applications including Programmable Electronic Systems
Systems involving movement of people by transport modes (Roads and Rail)
Examining different operating sequences
Assessing administrative procedures in different industries
Assessing specific systems i.e. medical devices for example.
Relation to other analysis tools
HAZOP may be used in conjunction with other analysis methods.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Which is an equipment centered
approach while HAZOP is system-centered
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Which can be used when it is desired to quantify
the likelihood of the failures or to assess the effect of multiple deviations
It must be cleared that these are three different analysis procedures.
HAZOP during different system life cycle
phases
Concept and Definition Phase
Design and Development Phase
The best time to carry out a HAZOP Study is just before the design is frozen.
Commissioning Phase
Operation and Maintenance phase
Decommissioning Phase
HAZOP Study Procedure
Initiation of the Study
Definition of the scope and objective of the study
Roles and Responsibilities of the HAZOP team
Preparatory Work
The examination
Documentation
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Initiation
Generally initiated by the Project Manager
Determines When a study is required
Appoints a Study Leader
Provides necessary resources to carry it out.
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Definition of Scope and Objectives
The PM should define the scope and objectives of the study.
Scope and Objectives are both interdependent. Both should be clearly stated to
ensure that:
The system boundaries and its interfaces with other systems and the environment are
clearly defined.
The study team is focused, and does not stray into areas irrelevant to the objective.
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Roles and Responsibilities of a HAZOP team
Study Leader
Recorder
Designer
User
Specialists
Maintainer
All team members should have sufficient knowledge of the HAZOP.
Suitable introduction should be provided.
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Preparatory Work
All the preparatory work is the responsibility of the study leader, involves
Obtaining and Converting the information into the suitable format
Planning the sequence of and arranging all the meetings
Specifying the scope and objective to the study.
Providing the adequate facilities.
Design Description
Guide words and Deviations (Explained Next).
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Guide words, Parameters and Deviations
Three terminologies have vital importance while carrying out HAZOP Study:
1. Guide Words Qualitative or
Word or phrase
2. which
Parameters quantitative property of
expresses and3.defines a
Deviations an element.
specific type of deviation
from an element’s Departure from the design
design intent. intent
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
The Examination
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Documentation
Systematic, Disciplined and documented approach is the primary strength of
HAZOP
Two styles of Recording
Full Recording
By exception Recording
HAZOP Study Procedure (Cont.)
Documentation
Reporting Requirements
Every hazard and operating problem should be addressed
separately
These should be recorded together with their causes
Every question raised during the meeting should be recorded
The documents should be archived for retrieval, as and when
required.
Example
Example
Thank You For Your
Patience!
