Obesity
Presented By :
Annisa Ayu Nurbani
Subur Handoyo
What Is Obesity?
Obesity is a condition that occurs when the
quantity of body fat tissue compared to total body
weight is greater than normal, or a state in which
the accumulation of excess body fat that a
person's weight is far above normal
Obesity increases your risk of developing related
conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, etc.
Many individuals are affected by obesity and are
not aware of it.
How Measuring Obesity
The most common methods used are Body Mass
Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference. There is no
perfect method to measuring obesity, however
these two indicators are most commonly used by
clinicians as a tool to diagnose weight.
Waist
BMI
Circumference
Continuation..
BMI (Body Mass Index)
• BMI is a measurement used to indicate obesity and
morbid obesity. BMI is calculating by diving a
person weight in kilograms by her or his height in
meter squared. An adult with a BMI of 30 or greater
is considered obese.
Waist Circumference
• Waist Circumference is less-common method used
to measured obesity in a individual. This simple
measurement indicate obesity and morbid obesity
by measuring your waist.
• For females a waist circumference of 35 inches or
greater is considered unhealthy and for men a waist
circumference of 40 inches or greater is considered
unhealthy
Risks Associated with Obesity
Individuals who are obese are at risk of developing
one or more of serious medical conditions. The
most prevalent obesity-related diseases include:
Causes of Obesity
There are many causes that directly and indirectly
contribute to obesity. Behavior, environment and
genetics are among the main contributors to obesity.
• Unhealthy food choices (eating fast food or
sweets too much, eating larger portion than you
Behaviour need)
• Lack of excercise and physical activity
• Stress level
Environtment • Problem with family or other people
• Depression or other emotional problems
• Genes can cause certain disorder which result in
Genetics obesity. However, not all individuals
predisposed to obesity become obese.
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Other things influence your weight and whether you are
physically active, including:
Low self-esteem. Being overweightmor obese may lower your self-
esteem and lead to eating as a way to comfort yourself. Repeated
failure at dieting also can affect your self-esteem and make it even
harder to lose weight.
Trauma. Distressing events-such as childhood sexual, physical, or
emotional abuse; loss of a parent during childhood; or marital or
family problems-can contribute to overeating.
Alcohol. Alcohol (beer, wine, and mixed drinks) is very high in calories.
Medicines or medical conditions. Some medical conditions and
medicines may also cause weight gain. Examples include having
Cushing's syndrome or hypothyroidism or taking certain
antidepressants or corticosteroids.
How to Prevent Obesity
There are a number of steps you can take to help
prevent overweight and obesity .They include:
Controlling diet and select the food (eat
less fatty foods, avoid junk food and fast
food).
Change your eating habit (eat slowly)
Keep the refrigerator stocked with fat-
free or low-fat milk and fresh fruit and
vegetables instead of soft drinks and
snacks high in sugar and fat.
Increase physical activity (especially
walking) and do more simple workout.
Reduce time in front of the TV and
computer less than two hours a day.
Do not give food as a reward or a
punishment
Avoid foods that are high in "energy
density" or that have a lot of calories in a
small amount of food.
Management of Obesity
The main treatment for obesity consists of dieting and physical
exercise.
• Diets to promote weight loss are generally
divided into three categories: low-fat, low-
Diet carbohydrate, low-calorie.
• People attempting these diets must be
monitored closely by a physician to prevent
complications
• Exercise affects macronutrient balance. During
moderate exercise, equivalent to a brisk walk,
Physical there is a shift to greater use of fat as a fuel to
maintain health
exercise • Walking, running, and cycling are the most
effective means of exercise to reduce body fat
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• It is important to make a solid commitment to changing a
behavior or lifestyle. Involve your family and/or friends and ask
them to help you make the necessary changes to positively
impact your health.
• Increasing or initiating a physical activity program is an
important aspect in managing obesity. Today’s society has
developed a very sedentary lifestyle and routine physical activity
can greatly impact your health.
• You should consult with your physician before initiating any
exercise program. Set realistic goals and make sure they are
measurable. Involving your family or friends can also help to
maintain your physical activity level and reach your goals.
