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Surface Development

Development is a method to flatten out the surfaces of a solid object so they can be laid on a plane. When a solid is opened out and its complete surface is laid flat, this is called developing the surfaces. There are several methods used for developing different shapes, including parallel line development for prisms and cylinders, radial line development for pyramids and cones, and triangulation for complex shapes. Developing the surface allows the solid to be reconstructed by folding or rolling the flattened surfaces.

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Harshit Solanki
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394 views6 pages

Surface Development

Development is a method to flatten out the surfaces of a solid object so they can be laid on a plane. When a solid is opened out and its complete surface is laid flat, this is called developing the surfaces. There are several methods used for developing different shapes, including parallel line development for prisms and cylinders, radial line development for pyramids and cones, and triangulation for complex shapes. Developing the surface allows the solid to be reconstructed by folding or rolling the flattened surfaces.

Uploaded by

Harshit Solanki
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Development of surfaces

1
Development is a graphical method of obtaining the area of the surfaces of a solid.
When a solid is opened out and its complete surface is laid on a plane, the surface of
the solid is said to be developed. The figure thus obtained is called a development of the
surfaces of the solid or simply development. Development of the solid, when folded or
rolled, gives the solid.
Examples
Prism – Made up of same number of rectangles as sides of the base
One side: Height of the prism
Other side: Side of the base

Cylinder – Rectangle
One side: Circumference of the base
Other side: Height of the cylinder h

Pyramid – Number of triangles in contact fd pd


T. L.
The base may be included
if present
2
Methods used to develop surfaces
1. Parallel-line development: Used for prisms, cylinders etc. in which
parallel lines are drawn along the surface and transferred to the
development.

2. Radial-line development: Used for pyramids, cones etc. in which the


true length of the slant edge or generator is used as radius.

3. Triangulation development: Complex shapes are divided into a number


of triangles and transferred into the development (usually used for
transition pieces).

4. Approximate method: Surface is divided into parts and developed.


Used for surfaces such as spheres, paraboloids, ellipsoids etc.

Note:- The surface is preferably cut at the location where the edge will be
smallest such that welding or other joining procedures will be minimal.

3
Parallel line development: This method is employed to develop the surfaces of prisms
and cylinders. Two parallel lines (called stretch-out lines) are drawn from the two ends
of the solids and the lateral faces are located between these lines.

4
Development of lateral surfaces of different solids.
(Lateral surface is the surface excluding top & base)
Cylinder: A Rectangle
Pyramids: (No.of triangles)
Cone: (Sector of circle)

pD
D
H= Height D= base diameter 
Prisms: No.of Rectangles R=Base circle radius. L= Slant edge.
L=Slant height. S = Edge of base
 R 3600
=L Radial-line
H development
Parallel-line
development
S S H= Height S = Edge of base
Cube: Six Squares.

Tetrahedron: Four Equilateral Triangles

All sides
equal in length

5
FRUSTUMS
DEVELOPMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF
FRUSTUM OF CONE FRUSTUM OF SQUARE PYRAMID
Base side

Top side

 = R 3600
L

R= Base circle radius of cone


L= Slant height of cone L= Slant edge of pyramid
L1 = Slant height of cut part. L1 = Slant edge of cut part.

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