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PPT3 Quadratic Functions

This document provides an overview of topics covered in Week 3 of a Business Mathematics course, including quadratic functions, graphing quadratic functions, and applications. Quadratic functions are defined as degree 2 polynomial functions of the form f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0. The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola that opens upward if a > 0 and downward if a < 0. Non-linear systems contain at least one non-linear equation and can be solved by substituting one variable into another equation. Applications include using revenue functions R = PxQ to find the production quantity that maximizes total revenue for a manufacturer.

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36 views14 pages

PPT3 Quadratic Functions

This document provides an overview of topics covered in Week 3 of a Business Mathematics course, including quadratic functions, graphing quadratic functions, and applications. Quadratic functions are defined as degree 2 polynomial functions of the form f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0. The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola that opens upward if a > 0 and downward if a < 0. Non-linear systems contain at least one non-linear equation and can be solved by substituting one variable into another equation. Applications include using revenue functions R = PxQ to find the production quantity that maximizes total revenue for a manufacturer.

Uploaded by

Rano Acun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH6102

Business Mathematics

Week 3

Quadratic Functions
Course Outline

 Quadratic Functions
 Graphing a Quadratic Function
 Non Linear System
 Applications
QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS
• A quadratic function was defined as a polynomial function of
degree 2
• Quadratic function is written as
f  x   ax 2  bx  c
where a, b and c are constants and a≠0
• Example, f  x   x 2  3x  2
1
• f ( x)  2 , is not quadratic
x
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC
FUNCTION
The graph of quadratic function y  f  x   ax 2
 bx  c
is a parabola
1. If a > 0, the parabola opens upward. If a < 0, the parabola
b b  4ac 
2

opens downward.   2a , 4a 

2. The vertex is
3. The y-intercept is c
4. Axis of symmetry, factorial or
Example: Graphing a Quadratic Function

Graph the quadratic function Y  f  x    X 2  4 X  12

Solution:
1. a = -1, b= -4, c = 12, so a < 0, it opens downward
2. The vertex
b
is (-2, 16)
4
X    2
2a 2(1)
b 2  4ac ( 4) 2  4( 1)(12)
Y    16
4a 4(1)

3. Y = 12
4. Axis of symmetry - factorial
0  X 2
 4 X  12
0   X  6  X  2 
X 1  6 and X 2  2
NON LINEAR SYSTEM
• A system of equations with at least one nonlinear equation is
called a nonlinear system.
• if a nonlinear system contains a linear equation, usually solve
the linear equation for one variable and substitute for that
variable in the other equation
• Example,  x 2  2x  y  7  0

 3x  y  1  0

Solution: x 2  2 x   3 x  1  7  0
x2  x  6  0
 x  3  x  2  0
x  3 or x  2
y  8 or y  7
APPLICATIONS
• To maximize revenue, we must determine the revenue
function R = f(Q)
• Total revenue formula:
R = PxQ
where:
R = total revenue
P = price
Q = quantity
Example: Maximum Revenue

The demand function for a manufacturer’s


product is P = 1000 – 2Q, where P is the price
(in dollars) per unit and Q are demanded per
week (units ) by consumers. Find the level of
production that will maximize the
manufacture’s total revenue, and determine
this revenue.
Solution:
R = PxQ
R = (1000 - 2Q)xQ
R = 1000Q – 2Q2
R = – 2Q2 + 1000Q
1. a = -2, b= 1000, c = 0, so a < 0, it opens downward
2. The vertex is b 1000 b 2  4ac (1000) 2  4(2)(0)
Q   250 R   125.000
3. y = 0 2a 2(2) 4a 4(2)
4. Axis of symmetry – factorial
R
0  2Q  1000Q
2

0   Q  0   2Q  1000  125.000

Q1  0 and Q 2  500
So, the level of production that will
maximize the manufacture’s total revenue is 500
Revenue is R = – 2(500)2 + 1000(500) = 125.000 0 250 500
Q
Thank You

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