TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY
HANS JURGEN EYSENCK
HANS JURGEN EYSENCK
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY
• Eysenck
• He is a German born British psychologist
• His theory is distinctive in a number of aspects
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• This theory tries to synthesize the type and
trait approaches
• It starts with trait approach and
• It describes definite personality types
• Eysenck extracted second order factors and
grouped traits into definite personality types
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• A model of personality must be hierarchical.
He proposed a hierarchy containing four
levels.
• These are the four levels of behaviour
organization.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• The four levels of behaviour organization
• The lowest level of specific responses
• The second level of habitual responses
• The third level of organization of habitual acts
in to traits
• The fourth level or organization of these traits
into a general type
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• He distinguishes between the concepts of
traits and types
• A trait refers to a set of related behaviours
that repeatedly occur together.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Sociability is a trait
• Talk with friends
• Goes to party and
• Keep company with others are related
behaviours
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• A type is a higher order or super ordinate
construct comprised of a set of correlated
traits
• Extrovert is a type
• Sociability
• assertiveness and
• venturesome are correlated traits
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
Type
is more inclusive
than
trait
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• It clearly demonstrated that
• Human behaviour can be very well organized
into hierarchy
• With specific responses at the bottom and
• the definite personality type at the top.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• The three dimensions derived by Eysenck are;
• 1.Introversion – extroversion
• 2.Neuroticism ( emotional instability –
emotional stability) and
• 3.Psychoticism.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• These dimensions refer to definite personality
types
• Introvert, Extrovert, Neurotic and Psychotic.
• These types stand along a scale with a lower
end and a high end.
• People belong to various points between
these two extremes.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Introversion Extroversion
• Emotional instability Emotional stability
(neurotic)
• Empathic etc., Solitary etc.,
(psychotic)
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Introverts are recognized as
• Quiet
• Introspective
• Reserved
• Disciplined
• Reflective and
• Well ordered
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Extroverts are recognized as
• Sociable
• Impulsive
• Outgoing
• Optimistic and
• jolly
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Neurotic
• Moody
• Touchy
• Anxious and
• restless
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Emotionally stable ( not neurotic)
• Stable
• Calm
• Even tempered
• Carefree and
• Dependable
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Psychotic
• Solitary
• Insensitive
• Egocentric
• Impulsive
• Impersonal
• Opposed to accepted social norms
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Not psychotic
• More empathic
• Less adventurous
• bold
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Eysenck developed two well known
personality inventories
• Maudsley Personality Inventory
• and
• Eysenck Personality Inventory
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Contribution
• He developed a theory by which one’s
behaviour can be described, explained and
predicted.
• His personality inventories can be used to
assess one’s personality.
TYPE – CUM – TRAIT THEORY Eysenck
• Contribution
• He gave personality a biological and
hereditary base.
• He accepted the role of environmental
influences in developing and shaping
personality.
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