Basic Electric
Chapter 3
Starting System
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Starting Circuit Diagram
Figure 3.1 – Starting circuit Figure 3.2 – Current flow with
diagram starting switch “ON”
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Starting Circuit Diagram (Cont’d)
Figure 3.4 – Pinion gear engaging
the flywheel mounted ring gear
Figure 3.3 – Starting circuit
current flow “While Cranking”
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Starting Circuit Diagram (Cont’d)
Figure 3.5 – Starter motor
Figure 3.6 – Safety relay function
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Component Construction
Figure 3.7 – A battery made up of
identical cells connected together
Figure 3.8 – Solid type battery
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.9 – Battery vent cap
Figure 3.10 – Final
terminal
voltage
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.11 – Effect of electrolyte
temperature on battery capacity
Figure 3.12 – Specific gravity
compared to discharge ratio
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.13 – Freezing point of
electrolyte at differing specific
gravity readings
Figure 3.14 – Master switch
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.15 – Electric symbol for
master switch
Figure 3.16 – Three terminal
type battery relay
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.17 – Three terminal battery
relay and its circuit diagram
Figure 3.18 – Circuit diagram of
three terminal type battery relay
(contact “C” closed)
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.19 – Four terminal
type battery relay wiring
Figure 3.20 – Battery relay
circuit when main (key)
switch is OFF
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.21 – Battery relay internal circuit when
main (key) switch is ON
Figure 3.22 – Current flow through battery relay
(engine turning and main switch is OFF)
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.23 – Battery located on Figure 3.24 – Battery relay
negative side of battery connected on positive side
of battery
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.25 – Double battery relay set up
Figure 3.26 – Two position type
key switch
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.27 – Dresser four Figure 3.28 – Komatsu four
position key switch position key switch
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.29 – Key switch
interconnection chart
Figure 3.30 – Starter button
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.31 – Dresser neutral
start switch
Figure 3.32 – Komatsu neutral
safety switch
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.34 – Starter motor
Figure 3.33 – Komatsu
neutral safety switch
wiring diagram
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.35 – Starter circuit at Figure 3.36 – Starter circuit
beginning of current flow immediately after the motor
starts
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.37 – Starter circuit during cranking
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.38 – Starter magnetic Figure 3.39 – Starter motor
switch
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.40 – Original safety relay Figure 3.41 – Original safety relay
containing coils and contact points
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.42 – Circuit diagram of original safety relay.
Key switch in ON position.
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.43 – Original safety relay,
Key in start position and current
passing from “B” to “C” terminals
Figure 3.44 – Current through
safety relay with key switch in
START position
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.45 – Current from the Figure 3.46 – Current through
alternator cuts the circuit to the original safety relay after the
starter engine starts
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.47 –
Combination type
safety relay
Figure 3.48 –
Separated type
safety relay
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.49 –
Composition of
semi-conductor
type safety relay
Figure 3.50 – Circuit diagram of
semi-conductor type safety relay
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.51 – Current from
starting switch energizes the
base of transistor Q2
Figure 3.52 – Current flow
through semi-conductor
type safety relay (when
engine is cranking)
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.53 – Current flow through semi-conductor type safety relay
(after engine is started)
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Component Construction (Cont’d)
Figure 3.54 – Diode between
starting switch and battery relay
Figure 3.55 –
Starting circuit
with fusible link
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Maintenance
Figure 3.56 –
Checking electrolyte
level
Figure 3.57 – Specific
gravity chart
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3.58 Using a refractometer to check battery electrolyte
specific gravity
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3.59 – Handle wiring with
care
Figure 3.60 – Press stopper when
pulling connectors apart
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3.61 – High pressure water
can enter connectors
Figure 3.62 – Blow dry with air
to remove moisture
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3.63 – Remove oil, grease, Figure 3.64 – Protect connectors
and water with a clean dry cloth after removal
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3.65 – Stopper “clicks”
when properly positioned.
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Maintenance (Cont’d)
Figure 3-66 – Location of starter motor brushes
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END CHAPTER 3
Komatsu General Basic
Chapter 1 – Fundamen
tals of Electricity
Subject
Chapter 2 – Electric Sy Basic Electric
mbols
Chapter 3 – Starting Sy
stems
Chapter 4 – Charging S
ystems
Chapter 5 – Air Prehea
t Circuits
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