IDENTIFIERS ,
VA R I A B L E S &
D ATA T Y P E S
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DEFINITION
An identifier is nothing but a name given to entities like class,
functions, variables, etc.
OR
If you assign some name to a programmable entity in Python, then it is
nothing but technically called an identifier.
It helps to differentiate one entity from another. Python Identifiers are
user-defined names represent a variable, function, class, module or
any other object.
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
RULES FOR WRITING IDENTIFIERS
Identifiers can be a combination of letters in lowercase (a to z) or uppercase (A to Z) or
digits (0 to 9) or an underscore _.
For example Names like
– total,
– class_tea and
– Father_name
An identifier cannot start with a digit
For example
1Name is invalid.
We cannot use special symbols like !, @, #, $, % etc. in our identifier.
We cannot use reserved words as a identifiers
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
WHICH THE FOLLOWING ARE VALID PYTHON IDENTIFIERS
123total
total123
java2share
ca$h
_abc_abc
def
if
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
VARIABLES:
Variable is a name which is used to store the value in a memory location.
Variable also known as identifier and used to hold value.
Variable names can be defined using the rules of defining identifier using
group of both letters and digits, but they must begin with a letter or an
underscore.
Assigning value to variable
1. Single Assignment
2. Multiple Assignment
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
SINGLE ASSIGNMENT
Input
– A=10
– B=“mike”
– C=20000.67
Output:
– 10
– Mike
– 20000.67
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
MULTIPLE ASSIGNMENT
We can assign a value to multiple variable in a single line or statement.
We can use multiple assignments in two ways :
1. Either by assigning a single value to multiple variables in a single
line/statement or
2. Assigning multiple values to multiple variables.
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
ASSIGNING SINGLE VALUE TO MULTIPLE VARIABLES
Input
– A=B=C=50
Output:
– 50
– 50
– 50
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
ASSIGNING MULTIPLE VALUES TO MULTIPLE VARIABLES
Input
– A,B,C=5,10,15
Output:
– 5
– 10
– 15
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
TYPES OF VARIABLES
Global variables
Variables that are created outside of a function are known as global
variables.
Global variables can be used by everyone, both inside of functions and
outside.
• x = "awesome"
def myfunc():
x = "fantastic"
print("Python is " + x)
myfunc()
print("Python is " + x)
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
• Local variables
Variables that are created INSIDE of a function are known as LOCAL
variables.
• def myfunc():
global x
x = "fantastic"
myfunc()
print("Python is " + x)
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
PYTHON COMMENTS
Comments are very important while writing a program.
Python Interpreter ignores comment.
Python supports two types of comments:
Single line comment:
In case user wants to specify a single line comment, then comment must
start with (#)
Multi line comment:
If we have comments that extend multiple lines, one way of doing it is to use
hash (#) in the beginning of each line.
Multi lined comment can be given inside triple quotes.
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
DATA TYPES
Data Type represent the type of data present inside a variable
Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these
categories:
Text Type: str
Numeric Types: int, float, complex
Sequence Types: list, tuple, range
Mapping Type: dict
Set Types: set, frozenset
Boolean Type: bool
Binary Types: bytes, bytearray, memoryview
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
SETTING THE DATA TYPE
Data Type Sample Example
str x = "Hello World" x = str("Hello World")
int x = 20 x = int(20)
float x = 20.5 x = float(20.5)
complex x = 1j x = complex(1j)
list x = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] x = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
tuple x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry") x = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
range x = range(6) x = range(6)
dict x = {"name" : "John", "age" : 36} x = dict(name="John", age=36)
set x = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} x = set(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
SETTING THE DATA TYPE
Data Type Sample Example
x = frozenset(("apple",
frozenset x = frozenset({"apple", "banana", "cherry"}) "banana", "cherry"))
x = bool(5)
bool x = True
x = bytes(5)
bytes x = b"Hello"
x = bytearray(5)
bytearray x = bytearray(5)
x = memoryview(bytes(5))
memoryview x = memoryview(bytes(5))
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
ESCAPE CHARACTERS
• New line
• Horizontal tab
• Back space
• Vertical tab
• Single quote
• Double quote
D E PA R T M E N T O F M E C H A N I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G
