THE EDSA REVOLUTION AND THE SPEECH OF PRESIDENT

CORAZON C. AQUINO BEFORE THE JOINT SESSION

OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS

DR. DENNIS J. SALUBA

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND LIBERAL ARTS
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY
 AN ADAMSONIAN’S PRAYER
DEAR LORD, TEACH ME THE THINGS THAT ARE IMPORTANT: TO BE GENEROUS WITH YOUR GIFTS,
COMPASSIONATE TO THOSE WHO HAVE LESS, JUST IN THE FACE OF UNFAIR CIRCUMSTANCES,
TRUE WHEN THE WORLD'S VALUES CONTRADICT MY OWN, GRACIOUS WHEN THINGS DON'T GO
MY WAY, AND MAGNANIMOUS WHEN THEY DO.

MAY NOTHING ELSE MATTER. EXCEPT FAITH IN YOUR GOODNESS, MY NEIGHBOR'S, AND MINE,
HOPE THAT THINGS CAN GET BETTER, AND CHARITY THAT ALWAYS SETS THINGS RIGHT.

MAY YOUR SPECIAL LOVE FOR THE POOR, THE MARK OF MY UNIQUELY VINCENTIAN EDUCATION,
BE THE WORK I EXCEL IN, THE STANDARD I CONSTANTLY REFER TO,
AND MY COURAGE WHEN I MEET YOU SOMEDAY.

O MARY CONCEIVED WITHOUT SIN, PRAY FOR US WHO HAVE RECOURSE TO THEE.
ST. VINCENT DE PAUL, PRAY FOR US.
 REMINDERS
1. ALWAYS MUTE YOUR MICROPHONE WHILE LISTENING TO THE
TEACHER,
UNMUTE ONLY IF YOU ARE ABOUT TO TALK OR RECITE IN OUR CLASS.

2. RAISE YOUR HAND OR SEND A MESSAGE IN THE CHAT BOX IF YOU WANT
TO ASK OR COMMUNICATE WITH THE TEACHER.

3. BE READY FOR A RANDOM CALL FROM YOUR TEACHER.

4. TALK LOUD AND AUDIBLE WHEN YOU ARE ABOUT TO ANSWER OR

RECITE
IN THE CLASS.

5. REPORT TO THE TEACHER ANY TECHNICAL PROBLEM.

CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE
KINDLY OPEN YOUR CAMERA FOR
THE CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

1. NARRATE THE LIFE OF FERDINAND MARCOS AND BENIGNO AQUINO

2. DIFFERENTIATE THEIR POLITICS AND PRINCIPLE IN LIFE
3. DISCUSS HOW THE EDSA REVOLUTION HOW IT AFFECTS TODAY’S POLITICS.
BACKGROUND OF EDSA REVOLUTION
FERDINAND MARCOS
 FERDINAND MARCOS BIOGRAPHY
• FERDINAND MARCOS WAS BORN IN SEPTEMBER 11, 1917, SARRAT, ILOCOS NORTE.
• HIS FATHER WAS MARIANO MARCOS, A TEACHER WHO LATER BECOME CONGRESSMAN OF ILOCOS NORTE
AND HIS MOTHER WAS JOSEFA EDRALIN ALSO A TEACHER.
• FERDINAND HAS THREE MORE SIBLINGS NAMELY PACIFICO, ELIZABETH AND FORTUNA.
• HIS FATHER MARIANO MARCOS WAS KILLED IN THE WANING DAYS OF WORLD WAR II.
• HE EXCELLED IN BOTH CURRICULAR AND EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES, BECOMING A MEMBER OF
THE UNIVERSITY'S SWIMMING, BOXING, AND WRESTLING TEAMS. HE WAS ALSO AN
ACCOMPLISHED ORATOR, DEBATER, AND WRITER FOR THE STUDENT NEWSPAPER.
• HE STUDIED IN UP COLLEGE OF LAW AND GRADUATED CUM LAUDE. HE BECAME A MEMBER OF
THE UPSILON SIGMA PHI, WHERE HE MET HIS FUTURE COLLEAGUES IN GOVERNMENT AND SOME OF HIS
STAUNCHEST CRITICS
• WHEN HE SAT FOR THE 1939 BAR EXAMINATIONS, HE WAS A BAR TOPNOTCHER, WITH A SCORE OF 98.8%,
BUT QUESTIONS FROM VARIOUS SECTORS PROMPTED THE PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT TO RE-CALIBRATE
HIS SCORE TO 92.35%.
 The Marcos Family
Josefa Edralin and children
Pacifico, Elizabeth and
Ferdinand
 FERDINAND MARCOS BIOGRAPHY
• IN DECEMBER 1938, FERDINAND MARCOS WAS PROSECUTED FOR THE MURDER OF JULIO NALUNDASAN,
MARCOS FATHER POLITICAL RIVAL. HE WAS NOT THE ONLY ACCUSED FROM THE MARCOS CLAN; ALSO
ACCUSED WAS HIS FATHER, MARIANO, HIS BROTHER, PIO, AND HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW QUIRINO LIZARDO.
• THE MARCOS FAMILY TOOK THEIR APPEAL TO THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES, WHICH
OVERTURNED THE LOWER COURT'S DECISION ON OCTOBER 22, 1940, ACQUITTING THEM OF ALL CHARGES.
• MARCOS GET MARRIED TO IMELDA ON MAY 1 1954 AND HAVE THREE CHILDREN IMEE, FERDINAND JR. AND
IRENE.
 CONGRESSMAN, SENATOR AND PRESIDENT
• CONGRESSMAN. AFTER THE WAR, MARCOS RAN FOR HIS FATHER'S OLD POST AS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
2ND DISTRICT OF ILOCOS NORTE AND WON THREE CONSECUTIVE TERMS, SERVING IN THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES FROM 1949 TO 1959.
• SENATOR. AFTER HE SERVED AS MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FOR THREE TERMS,
MARCOS WON HIS SENATE SEAT IN THE ELECTIONS IN 1959 AND BECAME THE SENATE MINORITY FLOOR
LEADER IN 1960. HE BECAME THE EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT OF THE LIBERAL PARTY IN AND SERVED AS
THE PARTY PRESIDENT FROM 1961 TO 1964. FROM 1963 TO 1965, HE WAS THE SENATE PRESIDENT. THUS FAR,
HE IS THE LAST SENATE PRESIDENT TO BECOME PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES.
• PRESIDENT. FERDINAND MARCOS WAS INAUGURATED TO HIS FIRST TERM AS THE TENTH PRESIDENT OF
THE PHILIPPINES ON DECEMBER 30, 1965, AFTER WINNING THE PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF
1965 AGAINST THE INCUMBENT PRESIDENT, DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL. HIS INAUGURATION MARKED THE
BEGINNING OF HIS TWO-DECADE LONG STAY IN POWER, EVEN THOUGH THE 1935 PHILIPPINE
CONSTITUTION HAD SET A LIMIT OF ONLY TWO FOUR-YEAR TERMS OF OFFICE.
 The Marcos Family
Ferdinand, Imelda, Imee,
Bongbong and Irene Marcos
 MARCOS TERM AS PRESIDENT
1965-1969 1969-1972 1972-1986
1ST TERM 2ND TERM AFTER MARTIAL LAW
BENIGNO “NINOY” AQUINO JR.
 BENIGNO “NINOY” AQUINO JR. BIOGRAPHY
• BENIGNO SIMEÓN AQUINO JR. WAS BORN IN CONCEPCION, TARLAC, ON NOVEMBER 27, 1932,
TO BENIGNO AQUINO SR. AND AURORA LAMPA AQUINO FROM A PROSPEROUS FAMILY
OF HACIENDEROS, THE ORIGINAL OWNERS OF HACIENDA MALING, HACIENDA SAWANG AND
HACIENDA MURCIA.
• HE RECEIVED HIS ELEMENTARY EDUCATION AT THE BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF DE LA
SALLE COLLEGE AND FINISHED AT THE BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SAINT JOSEPH'S
COLLEGE OF QUEZON CITY. HE THEN GRADUATED AT THE HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF SAN
BEDA COLLEGE. AQUINO TOOK HIS TERTIARY EDUCATION AT ATENEO DE MANILA
UNIVERSITY TO OBTAIN A BACHELOR OF ARTS DEGREE.
• AT THE AGE OF 17, HE WAS THE YOUNGEST WAR CORRESPONDENT TO COVER THE KOREAN
WAR FOR THE MANILA TIMES OF DON JOAQUÍN "CHINO" ROCES. BECAUSE OF HIS JOURNALISTIC
FEATS, HE RECEIVED THE PHILIPPINE LEGION OF HONOR AWARD FROM PRESIDENT ELPIDIO
QUIRINO WHEN AGED 18. AT 21, HE BECAME A CLOSE ADVISER TO THEN DEFENSE
SECRETARY RAMON MAGSAYSAY. 
 NINOY AND CORY AQUINO
OCTOBER 11, 1954 – BENIGNO ‘NINOY’
AQUINO MARRIED CORAZON ‘CORY”
COJUANGCO AT OUR LADY OF
SORROW CHURCH ALONG F.B.
HARRISON ST. IN PASAY CITY.
 MAYOR, VICE GOVERNOR, GOVERNOR AND SENATOR
• MAYOR. BENIGNO AQUINO JR. BECAME MAYOR OF CONCEPCION IN 1955 AT THE AGE OF 23.
• VICE GOVERNOR. FIVE YEARS LATER, HE WAS ELECTED THE NATION'S YOUNGEST VICE
GOVERNOR AT 27.
• GOVERNOR. TWO YEARS LATER AT AGE 29, HE BECAME GOVERNOR OF TARLAC PROVINCE IN
1961 AND THEN SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE LIBERAL PARTY IN 1966.
• SENATOR. IN 1968, AT AGE 37 NINOY BECAME A SENATOR AND DURING HIS FIRST YEAR AS
SENATOR, AQUINO ALLEGED THAT MARCOS WAS ON THE ROAD TO ESTABLISHING "A
GARRISON STATE" BY "BALLOONING THE ARMED FORCES BUDGET
• MARCOS DECLARED MARTIAL LAW ON SEPTEMBER 21, 1972 THROUGH PROCLAMATION NO.
1081 AND WENT ON AIR TO BROADCAST HIS DECLARATION ON THE MIDNIGHT OF SEPTEMBER
23.AQUINO AND SEN. DIOKNO WAS ONE OF THE FIRST TO BE ARRESTED AND IMPRISONED ON
TRUMPED-UP CHARGES OF MURDER, ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS AND SUBVERSION.
 NINOY SENTENCE TO JAIL
ON SEPTEMBER 23, 1972, MARCOS DECLARED
MARTIAL LAW AND ORDERED AQUINO AND
OTHERS ARRESTED AND IMPRISONED ON
TRUMPED UP CHARGES OF MURDER AND
SUBVERSION. AQUINO WENT ON A HUNGER
STRIKE TO PROTEST THE INJUSTICE OF
HIS MILITARY TRIAL, BUT ENDED THE STRIKE
AFTER 40 DAYS. IN MARCH 1980, AQUINO
SUFFERED A HEART ATTACK IN PRISON. ON MAY
8, 1980, FIRST LADY IMELDA
MARCOS ARRANGED FOR AQUINO AND HIS
FAMILY TO LEAVE FOR THE U.S. HE
UNDERWENT A CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY. 
 Ninoy in U.S. Exile
Aquino spent the next three years in self-
exile in the U.S., with wife cory and children
noynoy, pinky, Kris, viel and balsy. wherein he
worked on manuscripts for two books and
delivered several lectures and speeches critical
of the Marcos government across the nation. By
1983, news of the political situation in the
Philippines led Aquino to return to the country,
fully aware of the danger that awaited him.
 NINOY ASSASINATION
NINOY WAS ASSASSINATED AUGUST
21, 1983 ON THE TARMAC OF MANILA
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. AFTER
MARCOS WAS OUSTED IN 1986,
ANOTHER INVESTIGATION WAS SET
UP BY THE NEW GOVERNMENT.
SIXTEEN DEFENDANTS WERE
FOUND GUILTY AND SENTENCED
TO LIFE IMPRISONMENT. 
EDSA REVOLUTION
 SNAP ELECTION OF 1986
\

SNAP ELECTION OF 1986

ON NOVEMBER 3, 1985, AFTER PRESSURE FROM THE US GOVERNMENT, MARCOS
SUDDENLY ANNOUNCED THAT A SNAP PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION WOULD TAKE PLACE
THE FOLLOWING YEAR, ONE YEAR AHEAD OF THE REGULAR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
SCHEDULE, TO LEGITIMIZE HIS CONTROL OVER THE COUNTRY. THE SNAP ELECTION
WAS LEGALIZED WITH THE PASSAGE OF BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 883 BY THE MARCOS-
CONTROLLED UNICAMERAL CONGRESS CALLED THE REGULAR BATASANG PAMBANSA.
 EDSA REVOLUTION
THE 1986 EDSA PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION GATHERED MILLIONS OF FILIPINOS FROM ALL WALKS OF LIFE TO MARCH
ALONG EPIFANIO DE LOS SANTOS AVENUE (EDSA), THE MAIN ARTERY OF METRO MANILA, TO END THE DICTATORSHIP OF
PRESIDENT FERDINAND E. MARCOS AND BEGIN A NEW ERA MARKED BY TRUE FREEDOM AND DEMOCRACY.
 CORY ELECTED AS PRESIDENT
CORAZON AQUINO WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT IN 1986 AND SERVED AS THE 11TH PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES,
BECOMING THE FIRST WOMAN TO HOLD THAT OFFICE. CORAZON AQUINO WAS THE MOST PROMINENT FIGURE OF
THE 1986 PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION, WHICH ENDED THE 20-YEAR RULE OF PRESIDENT FERDINAND MARCOS.
SHE WAS NAMED TIME MAGAZINE'S WOMAN OF THE YEAR IN 1986. 
SPEECH OF PRES. CORAZON AQUINO
IN UNITED STATES JOINT CONGRESS
 SPEECH OF PRES. AQUINO IN JOINT CONGRESS
PRESIDENT CORAZON AQUINO GAVE A SPEECH IN A JOINT SESSION
OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS  WITH U.S. LAWMAKERS
WEARING YELLOW RIBBONS SYMBOLIZING SUPPORT TO AQUINO.
 IT WAS HER FIRST VISIT TO AMERICA SINCE THE FORMER
FERDINAND MARCOS HAD BEEN DEPOSED IN FEBRUARY OF THE
SAME YEAR, AND THE PHILIPPINES WAS RECKONING WITH
EVERYTHING HIS ADMINISTRATION HAD INFLICTED WHICH
INCLUDED $26 BILLION IN TOTAL FOREIGN DEBT. CORY’S SPEECH
WAS INTERRUPTED 11 TIMES BY APPLAUSE AND BOOKENDED WITH
STANDING OVATIONS
MAIN SOURCES:
BATIS: SOURCES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY, JOSE VICTOR Z. TORRES, C & E
PUBLISHING, 2018
HTTPS://WWW.PHILIPPINE-HISTORY.ORG/EDSA-PEOPLE-POWER-
REVOLUTION.HTM
HTTPS://WWW.OFFICIALGAZETTE.GOV.PH/EDSA/THE-PH-PROTEST/
HTTPS://WWW.BRITANNICA.COM/BIOGRAPHY/FERDINAND-E-MARCOS
HTTPS://AWPC.CATTCENTER.IASTATE.EDU/2017/03/21/SPEECH-BEFORE-THE-
JOINT-SESSION-OF-THE-UNITED-STATES-CONGRESS-SEPT-18-1986/
END OF PRESENTATION
THANK YOU!