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(L7) Operators and Relation Between Operators

This document summarizes a lecture on numerical methods that covered operators and relationships between operators. It defined various operators like the identity, shifting, forward difference, backward difference, central difference, and averaging operators. It also covered relationships between these operators, such as the shifting operator equaling the forward difference operator plus one, and the central difference operator equaling the sum of the forward and backward difference operators. The document concluded by listing exercises involving relationships between operators and learning outcomes.

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Shivam Sharma
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3K views13 pages

(L7) Operators and Relation Between Operators

This document summarizes a lecture on numerical methods that covered operators and relationships between operators. It defined various operators like the identity, shifting, forward difference, backward difference, central difference, and averaging operators. It also covered relationships between these operators, such as the shifting operator equaling the forward difference operator plus one, and the central difference operator equaling the sum of the forward and backward difference operators. The document concluded by listing exercises involving relationships between operators and learning outcomes.

Uploaded by

Shivam Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Program: B.

Tech, ME/CE, 3rd sem/2nd year

BT-301:Engineering Mathematics 3
Unit 1

Numerical Methods I
Topic: Operators and Relation between Operators

Jul-Dec 2020-21
Lecture 7
Ms. Neha Sharma
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mathematics
Outlines
• Prerequisites
• Operators and It’s Types
• Relation between Operators
• Exercise
• Learning Outcomes
• References

BT-301 2
Prerequisites

 Functions
 Forward Difference
 Backward Difference

BT-301 2
Operators
1. Identity Operator
The operator(I) is known as an Identity Operator.
if I f(x) = f(x).
2. Shifting Operator
The operator(E) is known as a Shifting Operator
if it is defined by E f(x)=f(x+h)
Also, E2f(x) = E(Ef(x)) = Ef(x+h) = f(x+2h)
Enf(x) = f(x+nh)

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R3 4


Operators Contd.

3. Forward Difference Operator


∆f(x) = f(x+h) – f(x)
4. Backward Difference Operator
∇ f(x+h) = f(x+h) - f(x)
5. Central Difference Operator
δ f(x) = f(x+(1/2)h) – f(x-(1/2)h)

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R3 5


Operators Contd.

5. Averaging Operator
An operator(μ) defined by
μ f(x) =(1/2)[f(x+(1/2)h) + f(x-(1/2)h)] ]
is called as the Averaging operator.
6. Differential Operator
Df(x) = (d/dx)f(x)

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R3 6


Relation Between Operators

1. E = ∆ +1 and ∇ = 1- E-1

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R2 7


Relation Between Operators

2.

Also,

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R3 8


Relation Between Operators

3. hD = log(1+ ∆) = E
By using Taylor’s Theorem,

BT-301 <SELO: 1,2> Reference No.: R2 9


Exercise

Q. Prove: 2μδ = ∇+∆


Q. Prove: ∇E = E∇ = ∆ = δE1/2
Q. (E1/2+E-1/2)(1+∆)1/2 = (2+∆)

BT-301 10
Learning Outcomes

Different Operators have been studied.


Also, relationship between them have also been learnt.

BT-301 11
References
1. Jain, Iyengar and Jain, “Numerical Methods” New Age
International Publishers.
2. D.C. Agrawal, “Engineering Mathematics III” Shree Sai
Prakashan.

BT-301 12
BT-301 13

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