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Diode Applications: Rectifiers

Rectifiers convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) using diodes arranged in circuits. There are two main types: half-wave rectifiers which use a single diode and full-wave rectifiers which use a bridge of four diodes to rectify both halves of the AC waveform. Rectifiers are used to power devices that require DC voltage from an AC supply. Example calculations are provided to determine output voltages, currents, and power ratings for various rectifier circuits.

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Shachi P Gowda
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144 views39 pages

Diode Applications: Rectifiers

Rectifiers convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) using diodes arranged in circuits. There are two main types: half-wave rectifiers which use a single diode and full-wave rectifiers which use a bridge of four diodes to rectify both halves of the AC waveform. Rectifiers are used to power devices that require DC voltage from an AC supply. Example calculations are provided to determine output voltages, currents, and power ratings for various rectifier circuits.

Uploaded by

Shachi P Gowda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Diode Applications

Rectifiers
What are AC and DC signals?
• AC (alternating current) - the electric charges flow changes its direction
periodically. 

• DC (direct current) - the electric charges flow doesn’t change its direction
periodically (flows in a single direction). (Ex. battery-driven devices)
What are rectifiers?
• Rectifiers are electronic circuits with p-n junction diodes which convert AC (average
value zero) signal to pulsating DC (non-zero average value, unidirectional) signal.

• Half wave rectifiers

• Full-wave rectifiers
• A half wave rectifier circuit is supplied from a 230V, 50Hz supply with a step-
down ratio of 3:1 to a resistive load of 10kΩ. Diode forward resistance is 75Ω,
while transformer secondary resistance is 10Ω. Calculate maximum, average,
RMS value of current, DC output voltage, efficiency of rectification and ripple
factor.
• A diode with Vf=0.7V is connected as a half wave rectifier. The load resistance
is 600 Ω and the RMS AC input is 24V. Determine the peak output voltage,
peak load current and diode reverse voltage
• A 5KΩ load is fed from bridge connected across a transformer secondary
whose primary is connected to 460V, 50Hz supply. The ratio of number of
primary turns to secondary turns is 2:1. Calculate DC load voltage, DC load
current, ripple voltage and PIV rating of diode.
•

• The four diodes in a bridge rectifier circuit have negligible forward resistance
and infinite reverse resistance. The ac supply is 240Vrms and load resistance
is 48Ω. Calculate the average load current and efficiency.

• A bridge rectifier has a load of 2KΩ. The AC voltage of 200V is applied to the
diodes. Assuming ideal diodes, calculate i) Average DC current ii) Average
DC voltage and iii)Ripple voltage. If a capacitor of value 500µF is connected
across the load. What is the new value of the ripple voltage. Assume f=50Hz.
• Calculate the value of C that has to be used for the capacitor filter of a FWR
to get a ripple factor of 0.01%. The rectifier supplies a load of 2kΩ while the
supply frequency is 50Hz.
• Determine the peak to peak ripple voltage and the ripple factor for a bridge
rectifier using capacitor input filter. The load resistance is 2kΩ while the DC
voltage across the load is 12V. Assume supply frequency to be 50Hz and
ideal diodes. The capacitor of 100x10-6F is used in the filter circuit.

Solution:

Ripple factor = 0.0144

Vac = 0.173V

Vr = 0.6V

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