Introduction to Virtualization

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 What is Virtualization
• Virtualization refers in this article to the process of
decoupling the hardware from the operating system
on a physical machine.
• It turns what used to be considered purely hardware
into software.

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The Traditional Server Concept

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The Virtual Server Concept

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 Virtual Machines
Virtual machines provide:
– Hardware independence –
Guest VM sees the same
hardware regardless of the host
hardware

– Isolation – VM’s operating

system is isolated from the host
operating system

– Encapsulation – Entire VM
encapsulated into a single file
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 Benefits of Virtualization
• Simplified administration • Software Development
• Hardware • Testing / Quality
• Assurance /
independence/portability
• Increased hardware • Product evaluations
• utilization • demonstrations
• Server consolidation Training
• Improved security • Disaster Recovery

Virtualization Features Virtualization Scenarios

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Server Consolidation

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Virtualization – Key Solutions / Use Cases
Server Consolidation and Containment – Eliminate server
sprawl by deploying systems into virtual machines

Infrastructure Provisioning – Reduce the time for provisioning

new infrastructure to minutes with sophisticated automation
capabilities.
Business Continuity – Reduce the cost and complexity of
business continuity by encapsulating entire systems files that can
be replicated and restored onto any target server
Test and Development – Rapidly provision and re-provision test
and development servers; store libraries of pre-configured test
machines
Enterprise Desktop – Secure unmanaged PCs. Alternatively,
provide standardized enterprise desktop environments hosted on
servers.
Legacy Application Re-hosting – Migrate legacy operating
systems and software applications to virtual machines running on
new hardware for better reliability

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Top 3 Economic Reasons For
Virtualization

1 Reduce Physical Infrastructure Cost

2
(e.g. Power & Cooling)

3 Due to Minimize Lost Revenue

Downtime

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 Server, Storage and Network Consolidation

Before After
1,000 servers with DASD 50 servers with SAN and NAS
200 racks 10 racks
3000 network cables 300 network cables
400 power whips 20 power whips

VMware Virtual Infrastructure NERCOMP Server Virtualization Event September 25th, 2006
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DIFFERENCE BET. SAN and NAS

SAN is a dedicated network of storage

devices(can include tape drives storages, raid
disk arrays etc) all working together to
provide an excellent block level storage. While
NAS is a single device/server/computing
appliance, sharing its own storage over the
network.
Virtualization Delivers Tangible Business
Outcomes
Reduction in Datacenter Reduction in Datacenter Reduction in Risk
Capital Expense Operating Expense
$14,235
2.0-3.0 $30 MM

$5,694
0.3 – 1.0

$4 MM

Befo Aft Befo Aft Befo Aft

re er re er re
Business Loss er
Due to
Infrastructure Cost per App Sys Admin per 100 Apps*
Datacenter Outage**

* Source: IDC and VMware TAM program

** Source: VMware customer – a $2bn insurance company. Estimates based on 40 hrs needed to recover before virtualizing and
4.5 hrs needed for the same recovery after virtualization. 13
 Virtualization Reduce Energy Consumption

Highest consolidation rates on most secure and

reliable virtualization platform
Safely improve utilization rates
80% energy reduction

Dynamic server and storage migration

Power off unneeded servers in real-time
Migrate storage dynamically
25% energy reduction

Host desktop PCs in the datacenter

Use thin clients, double refresh cycle
Reduce storage for similar desktop images
70% energy reduction

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Copyright © 2005 MVMarwea, rIen,c.InAcl.l
Arigllhrtigshrtessreersverv.ed.
Experienced App Owners Trust Virtualization for Toughest Workloads

% of Application Instances running on VMware in

Customer Base
53%
43% 42%

38% 25%
25%
18%

MS MS MS SQL Oracle Oracle XenApp SAP

Excha ShareP Middlew DB
nge oint are
Source: VMware customer survey, January 2010, sample size 1038
Data: Total number of instances of that workload deployed in your organization and the percentage of those instances that
are virtualized

In a recent Gartner poll, 73% of customers claimed to use x86

virtualization for mission critical applications in production
Source: Gartner IOM Conference (June 2008)
“Linux and Windows Server Virtualization Is Picking Up Steam” (ID Number:
G00161702)

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 What is Available Today
VMware
• VMware released ESX and GSX 1.0 in 2001. Virtual Center released in 2003.
– Has the most experience
– Is the farthest along
– Very mature product suite
– Focus is on integrating IT process automation around virtualization
Citrix
• Citrix Xenserver acquired Xensource on August 15th, 2007
– Has working low cost server virtualization solution
– Focus is on client virtualization
Microsoft
• Microsoft Hyper-V (formerly ‘Windows Server Virtualization’)
– Standalone version released in October 2008
– Real solution (one with HA) has been out since August 2009.

Paul Schaapman CDW Solutions Architect Servers, Storage & Virtualization Solutions Practice 16
VMware – Recognized as the Virtualization & Cloud Leader (2010)

VMware is only vendor in 5 of 5 cloud providers in Leader’s

Leader’s Quadrant! Quadrant are VMware-based

challengers leaders challengers leaders

VMware
VMware AT&T
Savvis

Rackspace

Verizon Business
Microsoft

ability to execute
ability to execute

Terremark Worldwide
NaviSite
Datapipe OpSource
SunGard
Oracle VM Citrix Hosting.com GoGrid
Carpathia Hosting Amazon
CSC
SoftLayer IBM
Joyent
Oracle Solaris Layered Tech
Containers
Parallels Media Temple
Red Hat

NTT Communications
Novell

niche players visionaries niche players

Completeness of vision Completeness of vision

Gartner x86 Virtualization Magic Quadrant Gartner IaaS Cloud Magic Quadrant
(Infrastructure as a Service)

E2_CloudWhiteboardView_2011-03-15 Eric Elgar

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Vmware
 What is Available From VMware
• VMware’s vSphere
– Key Features
•Patch Management
• Market Leader
•Fault Tolerance built in
• Virtualizes 54 Guest OSs
• Server virtualization solution •Certified on over 450
servers
with HA and load balancing
•FC, iSCSI, NFS
• Enhanced vMotion Supported
• Memory Over commit
•Power Management
• Transparent Page Sharing
•Distributed switch
•Supports storage
management
•Storage vmotion

Paul Schaapman CDW Solutions Architect Servers, Storage & Virtualization Solutions Practice
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VMware vSphere : Ready to Virtualize All
Applications
95% of VMware VMware
Applications Infrastructure 3 vSphere 4

CPU 1 to 2 CPUs 4 VCPUs 8 VCPUs

< 4 GB per VM 64 GB per VM 256 GB per VM

% of Applications

Memory

Network < 300 Kb/s 9 Gb/s 30 Gb/s

IOPS < 10,000 100,000 300,000

Now 350,00 0

Applications’ Performance Requirements

E2_CloudWhiteboardView_2011-03-15 Eric Elgar Vmware

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 Modernizing the Desktop – Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

Persona Modern Centralized

Desktop Management
Applications

Operating System
Desktop
Delivery

E2_CloudWhiteboardView_2011-03-15 Eric Elgar Vmware 20

 Virtual Distributed Network Switch
Cisco Nexus 1000V Architecture

Server 1 Server 2 Server 3

VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12

VMware
VEMvSwitch VMware
VEMvSwitch VMwareVEM
vSwitch
VMW ESX VMW ESX VMW ESX

Virtual Supervisor Module (VSM)

Virtual
V irtual or Physical
Ethernet appliance
Module (VEM)
running Cisco OS (supports HA)
 Enables advanced networking Virtual Center
C isco Nexus
Performs
capability 1000V Enables:
management,
on the hypervisor
 monitoring,
Policy Based VM Connectivity Nexus 1000V
 Provides each VM with dedicated
& configuration
Mobility port”
 “switch of Network & Security
Tight integration with VMware
Properties
Virtual Center
 Collection of VEMs = 1 Distributed
Non-Disruptive Operational Model
 Switch

VSM
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Cisco Nexus 1000V Ralf Eberhardt
The Disadvantages of Virtualization
• Virtualization may not work well for:
– Resource-intensive applications
• VMs may have RAM/CPU/SMP limitations
– Performance testing
– Hardware compatibility testing
– Specific hardware requirements
• Custom hardware devices
• Some hardware architectures or features are impossible to virtualize
– Certain registers or state not exposed
– Unusual devices and device control
– Clocks, time, and real-time behavior

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System Virtualization - Present State

•Data center and desktop computing successfully use virtualization to

•Better utilize computing capacity
•Balance computing load
•Manage complexity and parallelism
•Improve security by isolation

•Mobile and embedded computing currently lag behind since

•Most hypervisors only support the x86 platform
•Most hypervisors require large memories
•Most hypervisors have poor real-time support
•Most hypervisors are inefficient with microkernel OSs
•Full-virtualization is not available. Operating system source code
needs to be available and must be modified
•Suitable open source-code hypervisors are not available

:
©2009 Nokia V1-stm06468.ppt / 2009-09-28 / STConsequence
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Cloud Computing Takes Virtualization to the Next
Step

• You don’t have to own the hardware & the

staff
• You “rent” VMs & services as needed from a
ITaaS provider (IT as a Service)
• There are multiple public cloud providers
– e.g. Amazon EC2 and many others
(Verizon, iland, Rackspace, Savvis , HP, IBM)
• The Cloud will provide IT similar to public utilities
providing electricity, gas, and water

20090909_Virtualization And Cloud Computing Norman Wilde & Thomas Huber UWF 24
 Private, Hybrid and Public Clouds

Netapp Future of Cloud Computing - IVA ; Imagine Virtually Anything & FlexPod 25
 Pre-sized, Validated Data Center Cloud
Ready Infrastructure
3 Industry Leaders—1 Architecture

Introducing FlexPod For VMware

Netapp Future of Cloud Computing - IVA ; Imagine Virtually Anything & FlexPod
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You Know The Cloud Is Real When It
Makes It To Dilbert

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Questions? 28
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