Vector Calculus
A M4 Mini Project
Team
Members- Faculty Advisor-
Bhagyesh Wavekar
Prof. Jagdish Parathe
Roshan Ali
Pradnyesh Patil
Shubham Naik
Gaurav Patil
Shivam Gurav
\\
Pillai HOC College of Engineering and Technology, Rasayani.
Department of Mechanical Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Bhagyesh Wavekar, Mr. Roshan Ali, Mr. Pradnyesh
Patil, Mr. Shubham Naik, Mr. Gaurav Patil, Mr. Shivam Gurav with Roll No. 39, 01,
26, 20, 24, 08 respectively, students of SE-Mechanical SEM- IV (Engineering
Mathematics- IV) have completed the mini project work and has submitted a
report for the same on the topic Vector Calculus for the year 2020-21.
Guide Name HOD
Mr. Jagdish N. Parate Dr. G.V. Patil
THE TIMELINE
DOT &
CROSS
Product Gradient
What is a Applications
VECTOR on
Divergance
Divergance Curl
What is a
A quantity having direction as well as magnitude is called a Vector.
Eg- Velocity, Acceleration, Force etc.
DOT Product
We define the dot product (or scalar product) between two vectors
𝐴 = Ax𝑖 + Ay𝑗 + Az𝑘
𝐵 = Bx𝑖 + By𝑗 + Bz𝑘
as,
CROSS Product
We define the cross product (or vector product) between two vectors
a = a1𝑖 + a2𝑗 + a3𝑘
b = b1𝑖 + b2𝑗 + b3𝑘
as,
Divergence
Consider in Cartesian coordinates the three-dimensional vector field,
𝑢 = u1(x, y, z)𝑖 + u2(x, y, z)𝑗 +u3(x, y, z)𝑘. The divergence of 𝑢, denoted as ∇.𝑢
……..and is defined as the scalar field given by
If we considered cylindrical coordinates,
Spherical
Coordinates
Applications- Used in Electro Magnetic Flux Calculations, Maxwell Equations.
Gradient
Vector Differential operators:- It is denoted by ∇ and defined
by,
Gradient of scaler point function:- Let f be any scaler point
function. The Gradient of f is denoted by (∇.f) and defined as
Geometric interpretation of
gradient:- The Gradient of
any scaler point function is
always represent the normal
vector to the surface.
Curl
Consider in Cartesian coordinates the three-dimensional vector field
𝑢 = u 𝑖 + u2 𝑗 +u3 𝑘. The curl of 𝑢, denoted as ∇x𝑢, is defined as the
1
__vector field given by,
Here, the cross product is used between a vector
differential operator and a vector field. The curl
measures how much a vector field rotates, or curls,
around a point.
REMARK-
1. Curl is always a vector quantity.
2. If Curl =0 then the field is called irrotational field.
3. x x (not commutative).
Applications
The divergence theorem has many applications in physics
and engineering. It allows us to write many physical laws
in both an integral form and a differential form (in much
the same way that Stokes’ theorem allowed us to
translate between an integral and differential form of
Faraday’s law). Areas of study such as fluid dynamics,
electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics have equations
that describe the conservation of mass, momentum, or
energy, and the divergence theorem allows us to give
these equations in both integral and differential forms.
Maxwell’s equations
Gauss’s law
Derivations
References
Google
Byjus.com
YouTube – 3Blue1Brown
Research papers-
Vector Calculus for Engineers by Coursera (Jeffrey R. Chasnov)
The Divergence Theorem by Bccampus
THANKS!
