CHAPTER II LAW
ENFORCEMENT
Lesson 5: Power and Function
LAW ENFORCEMENT IN RELATION
TO CJS
• The first Pillar of the Criminal Justice System
• It is considered as the initiator of the actions that other pillars
must act upon to attain its goal or objective.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTIONS OF THE LAW
ENFORCEMENT IN RELATION TO THE
ADMINISTRATION OF CJS?
• To prevent criminal behavior
• To reduce crime
• To apprehend and arrest offender
• To protect life and property
• To regulate non- criminal conduct
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE LAW
ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES:
• PNP- Philippine National Police
• NBI- National Bureau of investigation
• PCG- Philippine Coast Guard
• PPA- Philippine Ports Authority
• AFP- Armed Forces of the Philippines
• BI- Bureau of Immigration
• AMLC- Anti- Money Laundering Council
• BoC- Bureau of Customs
• PDEA- Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
• IACAT- Inter- Agency Council Against Trafficking
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE LAW
ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES:
• OMB- Optical Media Board
• IPOPHIL- Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines
• PAOCC- Presidential Anti- Organized Crime Commission
• PCTC- Philippine Center on Transnational Crime
• ATC- Anti- Terrorism Council
• NICA- National Intelligence Coordinating Agency
• BIR- Bureau of Internal Revenue
• OTS- Office of the Transport Security
• MMDA- Metro Manila Development Authority
• OMBUDSMAN- Office of the Ombudsman
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE LAW
ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES:
• SEC- Securities and Exchange Commission
• LTO- Land Transportation Office
• OSG- Office of the Solicitor General
• DOLE- Department of Labor and Employment
• BFP- Bureau of Fire Protection
• BJMP- Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
• POEA- Philippine Overseas Employment Administration
• NTC- National Telecommunication Commission
• CAAP- Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
• DOF- Department of Finance
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
POWER AND FUNCTIONS OF PNP
• Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
• Maintain peace and order and take all the necessary steps to ensure public safety;
• Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring
offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
• Exercise the general powers to make arrest , search and seizure in accordance with
the Constitution and pertinent laws;
POWER AND FUNCTIONS OF PNP
• Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law ,
informing the person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
• Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with law;
• Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue
agencies and issue licenses to operate security agencies, and to security guards and
private detectives, for the practice of their professions; and
• Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided by
law.
POWERS OF THE PNP CAN BE
CATEGORIZED INTO FOUR
• Order Maintenance
• Community Service
• Law Enforcement
• Neighborhood Policing/ Team Policing/ Community Policing
RANK CLASSIFICATION
• Director General • Police General
• Deputy Director General • Police Lieutenant General
• Director • Police Major General
• Chief Superintendent • Police Brigadier General
• Senior Superintendent • Police Colonel
• Superintendent • Police Lieutenant Colonel
• Chief Inspector • Police Major
• Senior Inspector • Police Captain
• Inspector • Police Lieutenant
• Senior Police Officer IV • Police Executive Master Sergeant
• Senior Police Officer III • Police Chief Master Sergeant
• Senior Police Officer II • Police Senior Master Sergeant
• Senior Police Officer I • Police Master Sergeant
• Police Officer III • Police Staff Sergeant
• Police Officer II • Police Corporal
• Police Officer I • Patrolman/ Patrolwoman
CRIME DETECTION IN RELATION
TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF CJS
• Through crime detection, the police are typically the first
component of the justice system to deal with the commission of
the crime.
HOW IS A CRIME DETECTED?
• Victim
• Witness
• Police
PATROL
• Patrol is the only police function that is directly responsible for crime
prevention. Crime Prevention is one of the main goals of the criminal
justice system.
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF
PATROL?
• It creates a feeling of fear to would- be offender
• A feeling of security and safety to the law abiding
citizen.
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
• Is an art, which deals with the identity and location of the
offender and gathered evidence of his guilt in criminal
proceedings.
WHO IS AN INVESTIGATOR?
• An investigator is one who charged with the duty of carrying
the objectives of investigation, such as:
• Identify the criminal
• Locate the offender
• Provide (gather) evidence for his guilt
WHAT ARE THE QUALITIES OF A
GOOD INVESTIGATOR?
• Must have the ability to preserve despite the obstacles and monotony of investigation
• Must have the ability and intelligence to obtain information easily
• Must be honest, incorruptible and with personal integrity
• Must have knowledge of the psychology of human behavior
• Must have sufficient understanding of people and their environment
• Must have a keen power of observation and memory retention to accurately describe what he
had seen
• Must be resourceful and quick- witted
• Must have adequate or general understanding of the Rules on Evidence and Rules of
Procedure and elements of specific crimes under investigation.
