FABRIC SPREADING
Fabric Spreading
• Fabric spreading is a process by which
plies of fabric is spreaded in order to get
required length and width as per marker
dimension.
• This is a preparatory operation for cutting
and consists of laying.
Fabric Spreading
It means the smooth laying out of the fabric in
superimposed layer (plies) of specified length.
The cutting marker is laid on the top most
layers.
The maximum width of the cutting marker is
considered by the usable width of the fabric.
Fabric Spreading
During spreading number of lay should be not
more than three hundreds. But it depends on
thickness of the fabric and the height of the knife.
The spread can be of two basic types:
1. Flat and
2. Stepped.
Objectives of fabric spreading
• To place the number of plies of fabric to the length of the
marker plan correctly aligned as to length and width and
without tension.
• To cut garments in bulk and saving in fabric through the use
of multi garment marker plans and the saving in cutting time
per garment that result from cutting many plies at a time.
• To make every ply plain and flat.
Requirements of fabric spreading
1. Alignment of the fabric plies: Fabric plies should be
aligned according to the marker length and marker width.
2. Correct ply tension: To prepare the lay of the fabric,
during fabric spreading its base condition to maintain the
correct ply tension.
3. Fabric must be flat: During fabric spreading it should be
carefully noticed that there is no fold or crinkle in the
fabric.
4. Elimination of fabric fault: The flaws of fabric must
be indicated during spreading and necessary steps
should be taken to remove these faults. It is the duty
of the operator.
5. Correct ply direction: During fabric spreading it is
very important to detect what type of fabric it is and
spread the fabric with correct ply direction.
6. Elimination of static electricity: In spreading is
done manmade fabrics, static electricity may generate.
It can be eliminated by reducing friction or increasing
humidity of the room. Earthing facility can be
provided with the lay to reduce static electricity
generation.
7. Avoidance of fusion of plies: In case of
thermoplastic fiber fabrics may fuse together during
cutting if the cutting knife becomes hot. We can
prevent fabric from fusion by –
a) Using anti-fusion paper.
b) Using silicon lubricants on the knife blade.
c) Reducing ply height.
8. Avoidance of distortion in spread: There should not
be friction between the bottom of the spread and the
surface of the table. So a layer of hard polyethylene
sheet is laid at the bottom of the spread.
9. Easy separation of the cut lay into bundles:
Identification marks are used into plies due to color
or shade variation of fabric or other cases. For this
separation, low valued colored paper is used to plies.
10. Matching checks or stripes: It must be
remembered that, the matching of fabric if it is striped
or checked should be correct during the spreading of
one ply on the other for making fabric lay. Also
marker planning should be done by matching with
stripe or check of fabric. And the matching may be
warp way or weft way as required.
Auto Spreader
• Automatic fabric spreading means the smooth laying out
of various types of fabric according to specific length.
• Fabric Spreading Machine is one type of machine by
which the smooth laying out of various types of fabric
according to specific length automatically instead of
pulled by workers.
• The objective of spreading is to place a number of plies
of fabric that the production planning process has
dictated, to the length of the marker plan, in the colors
required, correctly aligned to length and width, and
without tension.
Purpose of installing an automatic spreading
machine
• To Automate Cutting Room Operations
• To Reduce Manpower Requirement In Fabric
Spreading (Cutting Section)
• To Improve Production Capacity In The Cutting
Section
• To Speed Up The Fabric Layering Process
• To Improve Fabric Utilization
• To Have Detailed Statistical Of Fabric
Spreading Time, Fabric Utilization Etc.
Disadvantages of using auto
spreader
• Lack of available space or capacity.
• High initial investment required
• Shortage of skilled manpower
• Maintenance cost is very high
• Lack of interests among the entrepreneur
Thank You
