FPGA Implementation of an
8-bit Simple Processor
Group members:
Gul Noor (080187)
Malik Usman(080088)
Samran Safi (080037)
Zobia Ilyas (080139)
Introduction
Embedded microprocessors applications
Design options :
a) DSPs
b) ASICs
c) FPGA
FPGA preferred usually
FPGA 8-bit processor is designed using VHDL. It consists of:
a) 4 four bit registers
b) 16-word memory with 8-bit words
c) Control unit
d) ALU
Instruction set
8-bit set of instructions used
Instructions are of three types:
a) Register Instruction:
It consists of OP, CC, SRC and DST fields
b) Branch Instruction:
It locates addresses in the memory specified by lower four
bits of instruction.
c) Halt and I/O Instruction:
Used when the bit sequence of 1100 appears at the first four
bits
Register Instruction
76 54 32 10
OP CC SRC DST
OP Function CC CI
(R0) 00 0
00 (SRC)+CI<=DST
(R1) 01 1
01 (SRC)+DST+CI<=DST
(R2) 10 C
10 DST-(SRC)-CI<=DST
(R3) 11 C’
BRANCH INSTRUCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 1 C C ADDRESS
Halt and I/0 instruction
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 1 0 0 L H DST
MICROPROCESSOR DESIGN
FPGA based processor is the combination of three
main units:
a) Control unit
b) Arithmetic unit (ALU)
c) Memory
Sub components are:
a) Program Counter
b) An Instruction Register
c) Multiplexers (MUX)
d) Demultiplexers (DMUX)
e) NAND Gates
f) D-Latches
COMPLETE MICROPROCESSOR
MAP
CONTROL UNIT
ARITHMATIC LOGIC UNIT(ALU)
ALU performs addition and subtraction. It comprises of a 4-bit
full adder and a unit that is used to obtain the 2’s compliment
of numbers involving subtractions
MEMORY
The memory for our processor is 256 bytes
Each memory bit (SRAM cell) in the static RAM comprises of
an AND gate, a D latch and a tri-state buffer
When a cell’s SEL_L input is true, the stored data is placed on
the cell’s output
When both SEL_L and WR_L are true, the latch is open and a
new data bit is stored
CONCLUSION
FPGA based 8-bit Processor was implemented using VHDL
language
It consists of Control Unit, ALU and a Memory Unit
Maximum operating frequency was 95.364MHZ and 132 Slices
were utilized