DEFUZZIFICATION
Defuzzification is a process of converting output fuzzy variable into
a unique number.
Defuzzification process has the capability to reduce a fuzzy set into
a crisp single-valued quantity or into a crisp set;
to convert a fuzzy matrix into a crisp matrix; or
to convert a fuzzy number into a crisp number.
-CUT OF A FUZZY SET A
α-cut (-cut) of a fuzzy set A is set of all points x in X
such that
{(x∣ µA(x) ≥ α }
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS : Example
perform λ-cut operations for the values of λ = 1, 0.9, 0. These crisp
relations are :
LAMBDA CUT FOR FUZZY RELATIONS
λ-cuts on fuzzy relations obey certain properties, just as λ-
cuts on fuzzy sets do
EXAMPLES:
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METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS
Defuzzification is the process of conversion of a fuzzy
quantity into a precise quantity, just as fuzzification is the
conversion of a precise quantity to a fuzzy quantity.
The output of a fuzzy process can be the logical union of two
or more fuzzy membership functions defined on the universe
of discourse of the output variable.
The union of these membership functions, that is, involves
the max operator, which graphically is the outer envelope of
the graphical shapes
METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS
For example:
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METHODS OF DEFUZZIFICATION TO SCALARS
Defuzzification methods include:
Max-membership principle,
Centroid method,
Weighted average method,
Mean-max membership,
Center of sums,
Center of largest area,
First of maxima, last of maxima.
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MAX MEMBERSHIP METHOD
Also known as the height method
Fuzzy set with the largest membership value is selected.
If two decisions have same membership max, use the
average of the two.
WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD
Computationally efficient method
Unfortunately, it is usually restricted to symmetrical output
membership functions
It is formed by weighting each membership function in the
output by its respective maximum membership value
WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD
Example:
Since the method is limited to symmetrical membership
functions, the values a and b are the means (centroids) of
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their respective shapes
MEAN MAX MEMBERSHIP METHOD
Also called middle-of-maxima is closely related to the first
method, except that the locations of the maximum
membership can be non-unique
The maximum membership can be a plateau rather than a
single point
Weighted average and mean max
membership METHOD
Example:
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Weighted average
Mean max
membership
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CENTROID METHOD
This method is also known as center-of-mass, center-of-area, or
center-of-gravity method.
It is the most commonly used defuzzification method.
The defuzzified output x* is defined as
CENTROID METHOD
Example:
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CENTROID METHOD
x*
Ax
A
x* 18.353 / 3.715
5.5
4.9
0.5 0.25
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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION
Centroid of Triangle
Area = 1/2 * Base * Height
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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION
Centroid of Isosceles Trapezoid
Cx Cy Area
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CENTROID AND AREA CALCULATION
Centroid of General Trapezoid
Cx Cy Area
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EXAMPLE
Find the defuzzified output value using different
defuzzification methods for the given membership functions
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EXERCISE
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CENTER OF SUMS
This method employs the algebraic sum of the individual fuzzy
subsets instead of their unions
The calculations here are very fast but the main drawback is that the
intersecting areas are added twice
The defuzzified value z* is given by
CENTER OF SUMS
Example:
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CENTER OF LARGEST AREA
If the output fuzzy set has at least two convex subregions,
then the center of gravity (i.e., z∗ is calculated using the
centroid method) of the convex fuzzy sub-region with the
largest area is used to obtain the defuzzified value z∗ of the
output.
CENTER OF LARGEST AREA
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FIRST OF MAXIMA (or LAST OF MAXIMA)
This method uses the overall output or union of all individual
output fuzzy sets Ck to determine the smallest value of the
domain with maximized membership degree in Ck.
First-of-Maxima
Last-of-Maxima
FIRST OF MAXIMA (LAST OF MAXIMA)
Example
First of maxima Last of maxima
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