Cassandra-Basics
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Introduction
• Cassandra is a distributed database from Apache.
• Apache Cassandra is a highly scalable
• high-performance
• It is a type of NoSQL database
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Cqlsh
• Cassandra provides a prompt Cassandra query language shell (cqlsh)
• Using cqlsh, you can define a schema, insert data, and execute a
query.
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Shell Commands
• HELP − Displays help topics for all cqlsh commands
• COPY − Copies data to and from Cassandra.
• DESCRIBE − Describes the current cluster of Cassandra and its objects.
• PAGING − Enables or disables query paging.
• cqlsh --version - Provides the version of the cqlsh you are using.
• TRACING − Enables or disables request tracing
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
CQL Data Definition Commands
• CREATE KEYSPACE − Creates a KeySpace in Cassandra.
• USE − Connects to a created KeySpace.
• ALTER KEYSPACE − Changes the properties of a KeySpace.
• DROP KEYSPACE − Removes a KeySpace
• CREATE TABLE − Creates a table in a KeySpace.
• ALTER TABLE − Modifies the column properties of a table.
• DROP TABLE − Removes a table.
• TRUNCATE − Removes all the data from a table.
• CREATE INDEX − Defines a new index on a single column of a table.
• DROP INDEX − Deletes a named index.
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
CQL Data Manipulation Commands And
CQL Clauses
• INSERT − Adds columns for a row in a table.
• UPDATE − Updates a column of a row.
• DELETE − Deletes data from a table.
• BATCH − Executes multiple DML statements at once.
• SELECT − This clause reads data from a table
• WHERE − The where clause is used along with select to read a specific data.
• ORDERBY − The order-by clause is used along with select to read a specific
data in a specific order.
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra – Create Keyspace
• A keyspace in Cassandra is a namespace that defines data replication
on nodes
• A cluster contains one keyspace per node.
• Syntax – CREATE KEYSPACES <keyspace name> with <Properties>
• CREATE KEYSPACE “KeySpace Name” WITH
replication = {'class': ‘Strategy name’,
'replication_factor' : ‘No.Of replicas’};
• Example
• CREATE KEYSPACE New-keyspace WITH replication =
{'class’:simple-srategy', 'replication_factor' : 3};
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Alter Keyspace
• ALTER KEYSPACE can be used to alter properties such as the number
of replicas and the durable_writes of a KeySpace
• Syntax - ALTER KEYSPACE <identifier> WITH <properties>
• ALTER KEYSPACE “KeySpace Name” WITH replication = {'class':
‘Strategy name’, 'replication_factor' : ‘No.Of replicas’};
• Example
• ALTER KEYSPACE New-keyspace WITH replication = {'class’:’simple-
srategy', 'replication_factor' : 3};
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Drop Keyspace
• It is used to delete the keyspace that we are created
• Syntax - DROP KEYSPACE <identifier>
• DROP KEYSPACE “KeySpace name”
• DROP KEYSPACE “New-KeySpace”
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Create Table And Cassandra - Drop Table
• ALTER KEYSPACE <identifiers> with <properties>
• ALTER KEYSPACE “KeySpace Name” WITH replication = {'class':
‘Strategy name’, 'replication_factor' : ‘No.Of replicas’};
• ALTER KEYSPACE tutorialspoint WITH replication =
{'class’:’simple-Strategy', 'replication_factor' : 3};
• Dropping table
• DROP TABLE<table name>
• DROP TABLE emp;
• DESCRIBE COLUMNFAMILIES;
• Truncate Table
• Truncate <Table name>
• Truncate student
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cassandra - Alter Table
• Syntax - ALTER (TABLE | COLUMNFAMILY) <tablename>
<instruction>
• ALTER TABLE table name ADD new column datatype;
• ALTER TABLE emp ADD emp_email text;
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Creating Data in a Table
• INSERT INTO <tablename> (<column1 name>, <column2 name>....)
VALUES (<value1>, <value2>....) USING <option>
• INSERT INTO emp (emp_id, emp_name, emp_city,
emp_phone, emp_sal) VALUES(1,'ram',
'Hyderabad', 9848022338, 50000);
• INSERT INTO emp (emp_id, emp_name, emp_city,
emp_phone, emp_sal) VALUES(2,'robin',
'Hyderabad', 9848022339, 40000);
• INSERT INTO emp (emp_id, emp_name, emp_city,
emp_phone, emp_sal) VALUES(3,'rahman',
'Chennai', 9848022330, 45000);
• Select * from emp;
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Updating Data in a Table
• UPDATE <tablename> SET <column name> = <new value> <column
name> = <value> WHERE <condition>
• UPDATE emp SET emp_city='Delhi',emp_sal=50000 WHERE
emp_id=2;
• Select * from emp;
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Deleting Datafrom a Table
• DELETE FROM <identifier> WHERE <condition>; - syntax
• DELETE emp_sal FROM emp WHERE emp_id=3;
• For deleting whole Row
• DELETE FROM emp WHERE emp_id=3;
• Select * from emp;
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cloud-Storage
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Cloud storage – Business benefits
• With cloud storage there’s no need for cd’s, external hard drive
• Data is quickly and automatically updated in cloud
• Ability to grow with its users
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Advantages of cloud storage
• Usability
• Security
• Recovery
• Syncing and Updating
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Disadvantages of cloud storage
• Costs
• Hard Drives
• Privacy
• Internet Connection
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Thank you
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
