DEFINITION OF

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 Physical education is an integral part of
the educational system that promotes an
individual's physical, social, emotional,
and mental development through a well-
selected physical activity program.
 OBJECTIVES OF
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 Physical education aims to help the learner
develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle by
acquiring knowledge, desirable habits and
attitudes, game and skill, and wholesome
interpersonal relationships.
The main objective of Physical Education
focused on the four aspects of development.
 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Physical fitness, which is the body's capacity to engage in
work and play without undue fatigue, is the foremost aim of
Physical Education. A physically fit body can be achieved
through regular exercise and participation in various varied
activities. In the pursuit of the development and maintenance
of Physical Fitness, fundamental movement skills, games,
sports, and dances skills can increase one's capability to enjoy
lifetime recreational pursuit.
 MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
The focus is on acquiring knowledge and understanding,
analyzing body movement skills, evaluating game situations,
and making critical decisions. Understanding the games' rules
leads to better performance or appreciation of activity if one is
a spectator. Creativity is an important segment of growth that
can be enhanced if the learner has a rich background and
exposure to various physical activities.
 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
A learner seldom gets into various physical
activities by himself. It plays dances or exercises with
people. In the process, it learns to respect others
and practice fair play, sportsmanship, teamwork,
and developed leadership. It understands the game
of life – the application of the golden rule.
 EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Participating in varied physical activities enables one
to acquire pleasant attitudes, desirable habits,
appreciation, and values. Positive character traits such as
courage, self-confidence, discipline, appreciation for
stunning performance, and self-expression are
developed and become part of an individual's way of life.
 BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
OF
BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
 Physical education gives the learners a
total development to develop cognitive,
psychomotor, and affective at its highest
growth and development level.
 COGNITIVE OBJECTIVES
Cognitive objectives are under knowledge and
information, and the productivity of it is the
proper body functions and development process.
It develops analysis, reasoning power, and
decision making as well as rules, strategies, and
safety measures.
 AFFECTIVE OBJECTIVES
It is under social and emotional stability. It
develops courage, self-discipline, self-
expression, appreciation, aesthetic,
cooperation, sportsmanship, respect, and
leadership.
 PSYCHOMOTOR OBJECTIVES
It is under physical fitness
development, component, and
movement skills. It develops the
student's endurance, strength, flexibility,
balance, and agility.
 IMPORTANCE OF
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 Physical education is vital in the
development of motor skills and the
enhancement of reflexes. It teaches the
importance of physical health and
contributes to becoming responsible
individuals that can make wise decisions
about their health, safety, and well-being.
 BUILDS SELF-CONFIDENCE
Participation in physical education provides a
positive influence on a student's personality,
character, and self-esteem. The team-building
process also enhances communication skills and the
skills required to cooperate with students of varying
ethnic backgrounds and personalities.
 DEVELOPS MOTOR SKILLS
Physical education is essential to the
development of motor skills and the
enhancement of reflexes. Hand-eye coordination
is improved and right body movements, which
helps develop a healthy body posture.
 HEALTH AND NUTRITION
Physical education teaches students the
importance of physical health. Some students
misinterpret the meaning of "overweight," and
eating disorders prevail. Physical fitness and
education inform students about sound eating
practices and the essential guidelines for nutrition.
 RELIEVE STRESS
Students have substantial amounts of stress
due to curriculum, homework, families, and
peer pressures. Involvement in sports,
recreational activities, or other forms of physical
fitness offers a method of stress relief.
 CONSIDERATIONS
Special considerations may be
necessary regarding physical activities for
some students with health issues, and
those students should proceed under the
direction of a doctor.
UNDERSTANDING
DANCE
 DEFINITION OF DANCE
Dance is art from wherein the body is the instrument
of expression. A movement put into rhythmic form, a
succession of movement that starts, proceeds, and
finishes. Dance is a means of self-expression, a
communication method between independent spirits
that utilizes large muscles, rhythmic movement.
 To comprehend a dance, one must gain
background and understanding from
simple to complex movement interpreting
how and why using a body part and the
whole body to a particular order; hence,
dance becomes a physical activity executed
in a musical pattern accompaniment.
 Dancing involves almost all important occasions in
man's life: birth, death, marriage, war, a new leader,
the healing of the sick, prayers for rain, sun, fertility,
protection, and forgiveness were all expressed through
dancing. The steps are from man's basic movements:
walk, run, jump, hop, skip, slide, leap, turn, and sway.
Combinations of these have become traditional dance
steps. They have been used, often in a stylized manner,
for folk and ethnic dances, social or Ballroom dance,
ballet, and modern expressive dances.
 Some essential features of the dance are
rhythm, or the relatively fast or slow repetition
and variation of movements; design or the
arrangement of activities according to a pattern;
dynamics, or variations in the force and intensity
of movements; and technique, or the degree of
body control and mastery of basic steps and
position. Also crucial in many dances are gestures,
especially hand movements.
Unit I: Lesson 1
What is foreign dance?

International Folk Dance

Traditional Dance of the
Other Country
The oldest proof of dancing comes from the
9000-year-old cave paintings in India,
depicting various hunting scenes, childbirth,
religious rituals, burials, and, most notably,
collective drinking and dancing. Since
dancing on its own can not quit identifiable
archeological artifacts that can be found
today, scientists Searched for secondary
signs, written words, stone carvings,
drawings, and related objects.
When dancing became widespread, The era
can be traced back to the third millennium
BC, when the Egyptians began using Dance
as an integral part of their religious
ceremonies—judging from the many tomb
paintings that have survived the tooth of
time. Egyptian priests used musical
instruments and dancers to mimic
important events - stories of gods and
cosmic patterns of moving stars and sun.
comes from the Greek word Danson, meaning to
stretch. All the dance is made of stretching and
relaxing. Therefore, a basic study of the word
"sayaw" could easily lead one to say that it must
have been derived from the word "saya" which
means happy. A individual who is happy or in a
rhythmic movement is an outward expression of
his feeling.
Dance is an art form that typically refers to the
body's movement, usually rhythmic to music.
Used as a form of expression, social interaction,
or presented in a spiritual or performance setting
1.It is a part of their culture or belief.
2.It is their way of exercising.
3.They do it as a hobby.
4.It is their stress-reliever.
5.They want to socialize.
6.To entertain other people.
7.To express their feelings.
8.It is their career.
Folk Dances in other countries evolve in a
simple remote type of society. It was during the
middle ages in Great Britain Isles and
Continental Europe that folk dancing became
visible where slaves became peasants, having
land and community of their own apart from the
court and little house.
However, during the colonial period, the people
exhausted all their lives in one community. They
did not have any means of amusements like
motion pictures, radio: television, and
phonograph. The people did not travel much,
and anyone could hardly read, but everyone
could dance. That is why the people danced
whenever there were good harvests, festivals,
fair and holiday celebrations, and family and
community gatherings.
frequently tell stories based on
myths, historical events, epic
poems, and legends. Thus, their
drama, music, and dances are
closely linked and mutually
related, often depending on
symbolic gestures, masks,
complicated make-ups, and
majestic costumes.
• like quadrille and cotillion
that developed first as a
social diversion among the
aristocrats in Europe,
emerged during the 19th
century, particularly in
France and Italy.
It requires many couples
participating in square Dance. The
teams are arranged in a square,
two facing lines, or in a circle.
Dance is determined by a caller, a
non-dancer who names each
dance figure extemporaneously,
combining established patterns
(chains, stars, cloverleaves).
the natives perform
elaborate dance
rituals to ensure
social wellbeing and
vision quest
dances that use imitative and
symbolic gestures and sinuous
body movements or hand
gestures to convey a story like a
Hawaiian hula and accompanied
by chanting. Initially, this is a
religious dance mostly performed
by warriors and priestesses
are borrowed directly
from African dance
movements,
characterizing Spanish
signals with Indian dance
native elements.
 Common
Folk Dance
Formation
 All facing
together
No partner
All facing
Counter
clockwise
By Partners,
All Facing
Center
By Partners,
All Facing
counter
clockwise
 Partners,
Facing each
other
Partners side
by side,
All Facing
counter
clockwise
Set of Four,
Facing
Partner
Set of Four,
All Facing
Counter
Clockwise
 Common
Dance
terminologies
• Address Partner - to bow to partner. It is the same as "honor" your partner
• Clockwise - the motion of the hands of the clock. R shoulder is toward the
center of an imaginary terminology and Elements of the rhythmic.
• Counterclockwise - the reverse direction of clockwise, L shoulder is toward
the center. A movement toward the right when facing the center of the
circle.
• Curtsy - to bend knees and body slightly with a bow of the head.
• Folded Arms - raise the arms in front at shoulder level, with one forearm on
top of the other
• Hop- a spring on one foot in place or any direction free foot is raised in
front or rear.
• Point - touch the floor lightly with the toes of one foot and the body's
weight on the other foot.
• Free foot - the foot not bearing the weight of the body.
• Freehand - the hand not placed anywhere, or not doing anything.
• Inside foot - the foot near one's partner when standing side by side.
• Outside foot - is the foot away from one's partner, when partners side by side.
• Outside hand - is the hand away from one's partner, when partners stand side
by side.
• Promenade - partners are side by side, L shoulders toward the center, holding is
skating position, (R hands joined over the L hands) at waist level, and they walk
around in a counterclockwise direction until they reach their home position.
• Stomp - to bring down the foot forcibly and noisily on the floor with or without
transfer of weight
• Cut – To displace quickly one foot with the other.
ELEMENTS
OF
RHYTHM
TIME SIGNATURE:

A musical time signature indicates the number of beats per measure. It

also indicates how long these beats last. A beat corresponds with a
quarter note in a time signature with a four on the bottom (such as 2 4, 3
4, 4 4.). So in a 4/4 time (also known as "common time"), each beat is the
length of a quarter note, and every four beats form a full measure. In 5/4
time, every five beats form a full measure. In a time signature with an
eight on the bottom (such as 3/8, 6/8, or 9/8), a beat corresponds with an
eighth note.
 METER:

is a recurring pattern of
stresses or accents that
provide the pulse or beat of
music. Meter is notated at the
beginning of a composition
with a time signature. 
STRONG BEATS & WEAK BEATS:

The most common thought

on strong and weak beats (in 4/4 time) goes
as follows: The first beat of the measure is the
strongest (it's the “downbeat”). The
third beat of the measure is also strong, but
not as strong as the first. The second and
fourth beats are weak.
 SYNCOPATION:

• Syncopation occurs when a rhythmic pattern that

typically occurs on strong beats or strong parts of
the beat occurs instead on weak beats or weak parts
of the beat. ...
• The syncopated rhythms are usually easy to sing,
since they often match speech better than straight
rhythms.
 ACCENT:

Accents refer to special

emphasis on certain beats.
To understand accents,
think of a piece of poetry
 MABUHAY AT
MARAMING
SALAMAT!
“A dishonest man insults his mental ability.”

Elirah Joelene Ching

P.E. Instructor