MIZO HERITAGE AND CULTURE

(Mizo hnam ziarang leh nunphung)

[Syllabus for MPSC General Studies (Mains) — General Studies I (Indian Heritage and
Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
— Unit I (2) Mizo Heritage and Culture]

H.LALDINMAWIA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MIZO
PACHUNGA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
(A Constituent College of Mizoram University)
Email :[email protected], Facebook : dmahlondo
 UNIT – II : MIZO KHAWTLANG
INAWPDAN/INRELBAWL DAN

(a) Khawtlang inawp dan kalhmang

(b) Lal leh khawnbawl upate
(c) Val upa leh pasalthate
(d) Mipuite chanvo
(e) Zawlbuk pawimawhna
(f) Tlawmngaihna
KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN
KALHMANG
HIERARCHY:

LAL
UPA MIN
KHAWNBAWL UPA
RAMHUAL
ZALEN
PUITHIAM
THIRDENG
TLANGAU
MIPUI
BAWIH LEH SAL
KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN
KALHMANG

MIPUI/HNAMCHAWM (COMMONERS)
MITHA LEH MICHHIA (MIRETHEI)

THANGCHHUAHPA
VAL UPA
PASALTHA
MIPUI
 KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN
KALHMANG

1. Lal : Lal te kha a tirah chuan pa rual chhungkua leh huaisen atangin an
thlang a, chumi hnuah khawtlang rorelna leh thuneitu ber an ni ta a ni.
Ram zawng zawng an ta a ni a, chhiah chi hrang hrang an khawn thei.

(a) Lal in chu veng laili-ah a awm a, lian pui a ni. A hmasa ber chu
Sumhmun a ni a, a dawt chu Vanlung a ni, Bawihho chenna hmun zau
tak a ni. A dawt leh chu Dawvan kaina a ni a, lal chhuatpui ber a ni a,
tapchhak a awm a, lal leh upate zu inna hmun a ni, rorelna hmun a ni
bawk. A dawt leh chu chhungkaw riahna a ni a, a piah chu ‘bahzar’ a
ni a, chhun lama inkawmna leh nulate puantahna a ni.
MIZO LAL IN
 MIZO LAL IN

Lal in chu veng laili-ah a awm a, lian pui a

ni. A hmasa ber chu Sumhmun a ni a, a
dawt chu Vanlung a ni, Bawihho chenna
hmun zau tak a ni. A dawt leh chu Dawvan
kaina a ni a, lal chhuatpui ber a ni a,
tapchhak a awm a, lal leh upate zu inna
hmun a ni, rorelna hmun a ni bawk. A dawt
leh chu chhungkaw riahna a ni a, a piah chu
‘bahzar’ a ni a, chhun lama inkawmna leh
 KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN KALHMANG

(b) Khawlbawl upa: lal rorelna pui turin Khawlbawl upa an awm leh a,
chung mite chu lal in a mi duhzawng a ruat thin. Thangchhuah pa te
pawh ruat chang an awm. Khawnbawl upa hi chi hnihin a sawi theih a,
pakhat chu ‘Upa min’ a ni a, chu chu upa zinga kum lama upa leh lal
pawhin rinrawl bera a neih an ni a. Lal awmloh chang pawhin lal aiawh
khawpa thunei an ni. Upa dang zawng chu ‘Khawnbawl upa’ an ni a, lal
kut ke ber an ni.

(c) Ramhual : Hmanlai chuan lo neih chu an eizawnna ber a ni a,

ramhual te hi chuan mipuiin lo tur an thlan hmain an duh lai an lo
thlang hmasa thei. Dinhmun pawimawh tak luah an ni a, a chhan pawh
chhungkaw rual leh hnathawk thei tak chhungkua an ni a, lo pawh an
nei zau thei hle. Hetiang mite hian lal hnenah buh pawh an chhung tam
deuh a ni.
 KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN KALHMANG

(d) Zalen: Heng mite hi loneitu an ni a, chhiah an awl a, lo tur an thlang hmasa ve
thei bawk. Lal chhungkhat hnai an ni fo. Zalen tak, mawhphurhna em em leh tih
tur em em nei lo an nih avangin ‘zalen’ an ti. Chhiah (fathang) pawh an awl thin.

(e) Puithiam : Puithiam hi chihnih an awm a ‘Sadawt’ leh ‘Bawlpu’. Bawlpu chu
doctor ang deuh an ni a, mi tihdamna leh natna lam chu an hna a ni ber. Sadawt
chu pastor ang deuh an ni a, inthawina hrang hrang te leh sabiak lam thil an
khawih thin. Sadawt puitu hi ‘Tlahpawi’ an ti.

(f) Thirdeng: Khaw mipuite hmanraw chi hrang hrang lo denghriamtu a ni a, lo a

neih ve hman loh avangin mipuiin kumtawpah buh an pe khawm thin. Thirdeng
sa an pe bawk thin.

(g) Tlangau : Khaw mipuite hriat tura thu puangtu a ni a, lal leh upa te tirhkah
ber a ni bawk. Tlangau atan hian tlema mi hnuaihnung deuh an hmang. Mahse,
kum tawpah tlangau tan buh an chhungkhawm ve thin.
 KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN KALHMANG

(h) Bawi leh Sal: Lal hnena mahni thua intulut hi Bawi an nia, indona thil avanga
an mi man te hi sal an ni. Bawi hi chi hrang pathum a awm.
Inpuichhung bawi : Retheihna vang te, damlohna avang te leh thil dang vanga lal
ina intulut te hi an ni. Hetiang mite hi lal chhungkua ang maia en an ni.
Chemsen bawi : Tualthahna vang emawa lal ina intulut te hi an ni, hetianga lal ina
an luh tawh chuan khawih an thiang tawh lo. Hetiang mite hi chuan chanvo tha an
chang lem lo.
Tukluh bawi : Indona avanga lal hnena intulut te hi an ni. lal inah cheng lovin in
hrang an nei ve thin.

(i) Hnamchawm (commoners) : Mipui tam ber leh loneitute an ni. Lal leh
hnamchawm inkar hi a hla hle. Hnamchawm pawh hi chi hnih Mitha leh mi
rethei ah an la inthliar leh a ni.
 KHAWTLANG IN AWP DAN KALHMANG

Hnamchawm inthliar hranna dang:

(a) Thangchhuahpa: In lama thangchhuah leh ram lama thangchhuah an awm.
heng mite hi khawtlangah mi langsar leh pawimawh an ni a, an ngaisang thei
hle. Lal pawhin a dah pawimawh hle thin.
Ram lama thangchhuah dan : Sa kah ngai te - Sai, Savawm, Sazuk (Zukchal),
Sanghal, Sele (Tumpang), Vahluk + Muvanlai leh Rulngan
In lama thangchhuah : Chawnfang, Sedawi, Sekhuang, Khuang-chawi
(Zawhzazo, Zaudawh, Zawngchal)

(b) Val upa: Thlan leh ruat an ni lo, an rorel thiam vang te, mi an hneh theih
vang te, an fel vang tea val upa an ni a, kum 35-45 inkar vel an ni thin.

(c) Pasaltha: Mihuaisen, sa leh ral laka khawtlang muantu an ni a, mipui ten an
ngaisang a, lal leh upa te pawhin an thu an ngaichang hle thin.
CONCEPT OF THANGCHHUAH

Tunhma zawng kha chuan Pi leh pute huna thangchhuahpa nih an chak
chhan kha chu ‘dam laia mi ropui nih an duh vang leh pialrala faisa
rin an duh vang’ ni mai khan kan ngai \hin. Mahse, chu ngaihdan awm
sa a\ang chuan Thangchhuah an duh chhan hi thil dang a awm theiin a
lang.
 CONCEPT OF THANGCHHUAH

Ram lama thangchhuah leh in lama thangchhuah tuma an beihna

nunhona (society)-a thil pawimawh tak a lo ni a, chungte chu —

(a) Thangchhuahpa an han nih chiah khan mi satliah kha mipui

chunglam an lo ni ta a, chu chu mipuiten an thlamuanpui a, anmahni
venghimtu leh an mamawh pe theituah an ngai a, chu chuan
khawtlang mipui phuarkhawmtu (social ladder) a nih tir hial.

(b) Thangchhuah mentality kha huaisen inzirtirna leh hotu chherna

hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni. Mitin mai khan fa huaisen, sa leh ral
laka khawtlang chhan theitu neih an duh a, naupang an pian hlim
phat a\angin chu chu an zirtir \hin. Mi huaisen bik te chu a hunlaia
chawimawina sang ber ‘Zu nopui’ an hlan \hin a, chu chu an thil chak
ber a nih avangin huaisen tur leh hotu ni thei tura inzirtirna a tling.
 CONCEPT OF THANGCHHUAH

(c) Khaw tam takah phei chuan

Lalte hian thangchhuahpa hi
khawnbawl upaa ruat chang an nei a,
an ruat lo a nih pawhin an tlukpui
thuak an ni. Rorel khawl leh mipui
inkara palai ropui tak an ni \hin. Chu
mai piah lamah mi rethei ber pawh
thangchhuahpa a lo ni thei a,
chutianga thangchhuahpa a lo nih
chuan mipui chunglam a ni ta a,
chumi hnu chuan society-a mi
pawimawh tak a lo nih tak zel
avangin ‘hierarchy’-ah kawngro an
su leh thei tlat a ni.
 CONCEPT OF THANGCHHUAH

(d) Thangchhuah kha an thlarau nun innghahna

lungphum pakhat a ni. Kristian nih hnuah chuan
mihring kan thih hnu hian kalna tur kawng
pahnih — hremhmun leh vanram-a awm a,
vanram kal chu mitin thil tum a ni a, chumi
tipuitling tur chuan a damlai nun pawh a hman
uluk a \ul. Chutiang chiah chuan pi leh pute
khan mi satliah te an thih hnua an kalna tur
mitthi khaw piah lamah, thangchhuahpa te
chauh kal theihna tur pialral a awm niin an ngai
a. Chu chuan khawvel aia nuam zawk leh
thlakhlelhawm zawka kal duhna ‘theory of
escapism’ a hring chhuak a, he ‘escapism theory’
hian an damlai nunah nghawng \ha tak neiin,
‘taimak’, ‘tlawmngaihna’ leh ‘huaisenna’ nei
thei turin a zirtir ru reng a ni.
 LAL LEH KHAWNBAWL UPATE
MAWHPHURHNA LEH THUNEIHNA

(a) Mizo te khan midang tih an entawn vang ni lovin, an hun tawng
avangin lal an nei tan

(b) Parual chhungkua leh michak chhungkua chu lal atan an hmang thin

(c) Lusei ho hian Run leh Tiau inkara an chen lai, AD 1500-1700 velah lal
an nei tan (Mizoram District Gazetteers 1989)

(d) Lusei ho hian 1600-1625-ah lal an nei tan (Vumson)

(e) Mizo lal hmasa ber chu Sihsinga a ni a, chumi fa chu Ralnaa niin a
fapa chu Chhuahlawma a ni a, chumi fa chu Zahmuaka (Liangkhaia)
 LAL LEH KHAWNBAWL UPATE
MAWHPHURHNA LEH THUNEIHNA

(a) Zahmuaka hian fapa – Zadenga, Paliana, Thangluaha,

Thangura, Rivunga leh Rokhuma a nei a, an parual avangin
Lalah an sawm a, Seipui khuaah lalin Hnamte hovin an thlai
buh thar chu lal tan an pe a, fathang lo chhuahna a ni.

(b) Zohnahthlak hrang hrang pawhin Tiau an kan hma hian lal
an nei.

(c) Lai ho hian Chin Hills a an awm laiin Lal an nei tan a, Lal
chi bik deuh an nei a, chungte chu – Chinzah, Zathang,
Hlawncheu, Hlawnchhing, Tlangchhan, Khenglawt.
Chinzah hi rorel thiam leh huaisen an ni.
 LAL LEH KHAWNBAWL UPATE
MAWHPHURHNA LEH THUNEIHNA

(a) Lal te chu inrelbawlna (governance) kengkawhtu an ni a, khawnbawl upa ten an pui
thin

(b) Dan leh thupek kengkawhtu a ni a, thubuai hrang hrang te pawh an ngaihtuah thin.
Thubuai ngaihtuah a thiamloh changte hneah hremna ‘salem’ pawh a lekkawh thei.

(c) Tlangau hmangin a thupek hrang hrang a puangchhuak thin, rikrum thilah te,
khawtlang thatna tur thilah te, indona thilah te.

(d) Ram leh khaw neitu tak tak a ni a, a venhimna leh humhimna kawngah mawh a phur

(e) Mipuite hnenah chhiah a khawn thin.

(f) Mizo lalte kha autocratic ruler/dictator an ni lo. Mipui pawhin an duh chuan an pem
san daih thei.
 VAL UPA LEH PASALTHATE
1. Val upa:
Mizo khawtlang nunah khan an
dinhmun luah a sang hle. Thlan leh
ruat an ni lova, mi rinawm, mi
rintlak, tuma el phak lova khawtlang
tana mi tangkai an ni a. An taimak
leh inpek bik vanga he dinhmuna
inhlangkai hi an ni. Lal leh upa
rorelnaah an tel phak lova,
khawtlang huap thil tam tak chinfel
leh rorel kawngah erawh an thu a lal
hle. ‘Zawlbuk’ a roreltu ber an ni a,
sa tlak nikhua leh rikrum thilah
pawh an thu hle a ni.
 VAL UPA LEH PASALTHATE
2. Pasaltha:
Pasaltha hi khawtlang chhantu leh khaw mipuite
innghahna ber an ni a, mipuite pawhin an zah hle.
Mizo culture-a thil pawimawh tak chu lal khawnbawl
upa te aiin pasaltha hian hriatreng an hlawh zawk a
ni, kawng tam takah lal pawhin an thu a ngaichang
hle. Pasaltha te chu Lal ten chawimawina atan Zu
nopui an hlan thin a, chu aia chawimawina sang chu
a awm lova, tunlai hunah a tlukpui kan nei tawh lo.
Pasalthate hi sa kap thei leh ral that thei an ni satliah
lova, sa leh ral laka khawtlang muantu an ni a, lal leh
khawtlang tana nun thap ngam an ni. Pasaltha
nihphung (nature) — Ral laka huai, sa hrang laka
huai, huaisen hrim hrim, Tlawmngai, Tuarchhel,
Ral rel thiam. Pasalth hi Tiau kan hmain an nei tawh

PASALTHA – VAL UPA – ZU NOPUI

 MIPUITE CHANVO

D. Mipuite chanvo/tih tur:

Mipui (comoners) te hi a tam ber an ni a, thu nei lo ber anga ngaih theih an
ni nain, Mizo lal te kha an khua leh tui te chungah an lal a kha hranpa lo. Mizo
culture leh society-ah khan tlem tlema inthliar hranna ang kha awm ve mahse,
mipuite hi mi chungnung zawk te khan an pawngpaw hmusit in an diriam ngawt
ngai lo.

Mipuite kha chhiah petu an ni a, chhiah (tax) chi hrang hrang lal hnenah an
pe thin, chungte chu —

(a) Fathang : Fathang hi kum tawpah an buh thar lal hnena an pek a ni a, a
tlangpui thuin buh phur 2 an pe thin. Heng buh an chhun te hi lal ta a nih rualin,
khaw mipui zingah rethei zual an awm chuan fathang atang hian buh an pe thin.
 MIPUITE CHANVO

(b) Sachhiah : Lal chu rorel a ngaih avang te, indona avang tein chawhmeh
zawnga a chhuah fo a rem lova, chuvang chuan sa kap apiangin an sa kah dar vei
lam phawh hlawk chu an pe thin, hetianga pe lo an awm chuan sial an chawi
thin.

(c) Thirdeng sa: Thirdeng te hnenah hian chhiah an pe thin a, sa kah zang ti hi
an pek dan tlangpui a ni.

(d) Lal in sak: Lal in sak hi chhiah hming a pu lo nain, hei hi ‘tha chhiah’ niin
an sawi thin, lal in sak lai chuan mipui ten tha an thawh a ngai thin.
 MIPUITE CHANVO

(e) Khuaichhiah : Lal ram thenkhat chuan khamah khuai a kai a, an lak lai hian
lal chu kal ve angah ngaiin chan khat an hawn thin. Lal ram chhunga thil engkim
hi lal ta vek a nih vang a ni.

(f) Sechhiah/Sekawt hawn man: Mizo hausakna chu siala teh a ni a, vawk hi
chu hralhsum a ni ve lo, sakhaw biakna a ni ber. Miin sial a hralh chuan lal
hnenah vawk a pe thin a, chu chu sechhiah a ni.

Lal rorel danah khan khawtlang an hlim hle a, chutih rual chuan absolute
monarchy, despot leh tyrant an tih ang hi an ni vek thei a ni.
 HREMNA DAN (PENALTY)
(a) Tualthah : Miin tual that sela, a hremna chu thihna a ni, Lal in a hrem lova, a
thah a chhungte khan phuba an la thiang a, Mahse lal sutpui an vawn hman
chuan a thiang tawh lo.

(b) Kum 1890-a Bawrhsapin Mizoram a thut hnu khan phuba lakna amh hi khap a
ni.

(c) Leichawi: Sachhiah te, hmeichhe tihhmingchhiat man te, sawn man te hi an pek
loh chuan Sial pakhat an chawitir thin. British-in Mizoram an thut hnu khan Sial
tlukpui chu Rs. 40 anga ngaih a ni.

(d) Salam: Thubuai a zirin, a thiamlo zawk chu Salam an chawitir thin a, an thubuai
a zirin Zu bel khat te leh thil dang chawitir an ni.

(e) Chalrem: Thubuai nei te chu an thiamlohna in ang nia ngaih a nih chuan Lal leh
 HREMNA DAN (PENALTY)

(a) Lal leh upaten thubuai an

ngaihtuah lai hi ngaihthlak
thian a ni lova, nula leh
tlangval inkar thubuai
erawh a duh apiang tan
ngaihthlak theih a ni thung.

(b) Lal leh upate thubuai rem

danah lungawilo deuh an
awm a nih pawhin,
thubuaiah an la tawh ngai
meuh lo. Thubuai neih
vanga lei chei phei chu thil
zahthlak taka ngaih a ni.
 ZAWLBUK

Zawlbuk hi eng hunlai atanga an neih nge hriat a ni chiah lova, khua leh
khua indo an chin hunlai khan khua venghim turin tlangval an riah khawm a
ngai a, sal leh ral laka khawtlang chhan tura riahkhawm a ngaih avangin
Zawlbuk hi an din niin a lang.
 ZAWLBUK

Hmanlai chuan Lal veng tur leh a tul huna a tirh mai turin tlangval thenkhat
chu Lal sumhmun velah an riak a, chumi hnuah Zawlbuk hi an siam ta a ni.

Zawlbuk hi khuaa In lian ber a ni a, lal in atanga hla lo teah a awm thin a, a
awmna veng chu ‘Zawlbuk veng’ tih a ni thin. Tukverh awm lova sak a ni
a, a dung zawnga lawi niin a luhna-ah chuan thing lianpui an dah a, chu chu
‘Bawhbel’ a ni a, an bawh bel hun thin. Tlangval ho mutna lai chu ‘Bahzar’
emaw ‘Dawvan’ emaw an ti thin. Zawlbuk hnung lama awng an siam chu
‘Awkpaka’ an ti. A sir velah chuan tlema dawh san deuh a awm a, chu chu
tlangval ho puanthuah dahna a ni. Zawlbuk laiah chuan meichhemna an
siam thin a, tlangval ho riahna a nih bakah infiamna hmun ber a ni.
ZAWLBUK
 ZAWLBUK

(1) Hmeichhia hi Zawlbukah kal phal a ni ve lova, naupang hovin thingnawi an

fawm chu zawlbuk luh tantirh, Bawhbel sirah an dah thin.

(2) Zawlbukah chuan zan lamah tlangval lo bengchheng deuh pawh nise, mipui
mai ni lo, Lal thleng pawhin huat en leh hauh enin an en lo.

(3) Khaw lian deuhah chuan hnam hrang hrangin Zawlbuk an nei hrang thin.
Zawlbukah hian tlangval mai bakah patir, fa pahnih pathum nei te pawh an
riak thin.

(4) Zawlbuk hi Lusei leh Pawi in an nei hmasa deuh a, Zohnathlak dang te hian
an tih dan an entawn a, an nei ve a ni. Paihte leh Mara hian Zawlbuk an nei
ve ngai meuh lo niin an sawi.
 ZAWLBUK TANGKAINA
(3) JM Llyod-a chuan a lehkhabu ‘History of the church in Mizoram (harvest in
the hill)-ah khan Zawlbukah zu an rui ngam ngai lo niin a sawi.

(4) Zawlbuk hi Lusei leh pawi hovin an hmang nasa zual a, khaw leh leh tet a zirin
zawlbuk a lianin a te thin.

(5) zawlbuk chu tlangval hovin dan leh thupek an kenkawhna hmun a ni a, Val upa
te chuan khuahkhrihna dan khauh tak an lekkawh thin.

(6) Zawlbukah hmeichhia an kal ngai lova, tlangval mai bakah pa tir thlengin an
riak a, pa upa lam pawhin zawlbuk kawta meichhem an chhim thin.

(7) Tleirawl hovin zawlbuka hman tur thingnawi an fawm a, an inzawt chhuak a, lo
awl ru an awm chuan zanah pawh thing an fawm tir leh thin.
 ZAWLBUK TANGKAINA

(8) Zawlbuk chu infiamna hmun te, rorelna hmun te, khaw mipui chhanna atana
riahkhawmna hmun te a nih bakah mikhual thlenna hmun a ni.

(9) Zawlbuk tualah pa hovin hnang an tah thin a, thil zirna hmunpui pakhat a ni
a, hmanlai chanchin leh mihuaisen chanchinte an sawi thin.

(10) Rikrum thila rang taka chetchhuah theihna hmun a ni a, naupang thununna
te, tlangval thununna hmun niin tlawmngaihna leh nunphung inzirtirna hmun a
ni.
 ZAWLBUK TANGKAINA

(11) Zawlbuk kawtah lung an inden siam thin.

(12) Zawlbuk huvang chihnih –

‘Tlangchil’ (nula laka phuba lakna),
‘Tlangsawi’ (misual an hremna)
 ZAWLBUK LEH BRITISH
ADMINISTRATORS

Bristish-in Mizoram an awp hnu khan Zawlbuk hi neih leh an rawt a, kum 1926
khan Superintendent of Lushai Hills, NE Parry chuan Zawlbuk neih lehna tur
order a tichhuak a. Circle Interpreters te chu Mizo khaw zinga Zawlbuk nei lo
zawngchhuak turin a hriattir a, chung Zawlbuk nei tahw lo khuate chu March 31,
1926 hmaa Zawlbuk sa leh vek turin a hriattir a ni.

Khaw tam takin zawlbuk chu an sa leh ta a, NE parry hnua Superintendent ni ta

McCall pawhin Zawlbuk chu tha tiin a chhawm nung zel a a ni.
MISSIONARY TE LEH ZAWLBUK

Kristian missionary te khan zawlbuk chu Pathian thu hril nan an hmang tangkai
hle a, NE parry-a’n zawlbuk dinthar lehna order a siam pawh hi missionary te
chuan an thlawp hle. A bikin Serkawna Baptist missionary Rev. FJ Rapper chuan
tha a thawh nasa hle.

JM Llyod khan Zawlbuk chu Pathianthu hrilna hmun tha tak a nih thu a sawi a.
Zawlbuk chu an hman tangkai hle tih a sawi.

Missionary ten tha an tih hle laiin Mizo mipuiten tihtawp an duh ta thung a ni.
 ZAWLBUK TAWP DAN
Zawlbuk hi NE Parry khan 1926 khan tihnun thar leh a tum a, order pawh a
chhuah hial. Khaw tam takin zawlbuk chu din thar leh mahse, eizawnna leh
hmasawn zelna avangin a din hleih theih ta lova, AG Mc Call khan January ni
1, 1938 khan Thakthingah public meeting kovin Zawlbuk duh lotu an tam
avangin an titawp ta a ni.
 ZAWLBUK TAWP CHHAN

1. Kum 1919-a Mizorama harhna a lo thlen khan, kohhran mi chu nasa takin an pung a, kohhran
hruaituten Zawlbuk awm zel chu tha an ti ta lo a ni. (McCall – The Lushai Chrysallis)

2. Zawlbukah kher lo pawh, In lamah nu leh pa ten an fate an thunun thei tawh niin an sawi (McCall)

3. Missionary ten Sikul an siam avangin zirna pangngai kalpui a ni tawh a, Zawlbuk atanga thil zir
kher ngai tawh lova ngaih a ni.

4. Lal ten Zawlbuk tlangval an thunun tak tak theihloh avangin

5. Patling riah bo reng a rem loh avangin.

6. Inlawithlem te a thlen theih thin avangin

7. Eizawnna lo danglam chhoh zel tak avangin

 TLAWMNGAIHNA
1. Tlawmngaihna hi Mizote thil chhuan ber pawl a ni a, thinlung leh a taka
lanchhuahtir a huam a ni. J.Malsawma (Thanpuii Pa) chuan, ‘A let leh beisei
vang ni lova midangte tana thil tha tih’ tiin a hrilhfiah.

2. Tlawmngaihna tiparvul turin Chawngchen nikhuain tlangval tlawmngaite

chu ‘Zu Nopui’ an dawmtir thin a, chu chu tlangvalte tan chawimawina sang
ber a ni.

3. Tlawmngaihna lanchhuahna :

(a) Ram lamah

(b) Chaw einaah
(c) In lamah
 SUGGESTED READINGS

Mizo Chanchin – B.Lalthangliana

A brief History and Culture of Mizo : B.Lalthangliana
Pi pute leh an thlah te chanchin : K.Zawla
Mizo chanchin : Liangkhaia
History of Mizo in Burma : B.Lalthangliana
Mizo chanchin : B.lalthangliana
Mizo Narratives : Malsawmdawngliana & Rohmingmawii