Thanks to visit codestin.com
Credit goes to www.scribd.com

Scribd
Upload
71 views14 pages

Introduction To Robotics

Robotics involves electromechanical devices that can sense their environment, process input, make decisions without human intervention, and react autonomously. A robot consists of sensors to gather input, a processing unit like an Arduino board to control behavior and output, actuators to enable actions, and a power supply. Sensors provide data about the robot's condition and surroundings to the processing unit, which then controls the actuators and effectors to produce the appropriate output or behavior.

Uploaded by

meneboy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views14 pages

Introduction To Robotics

Robotics involves electromechanical devices that can sense their environment, process input, make decisions without human intervention, and react autonomously. A robot consists of sensors to gather input, a processing unit like an Arduino board to control behavior and output, actuators to enable actions, and a power supply. Sensors provide data about the robot's condition and surroundings to the processing unit, which then controls the actuators and effectors to produce the appropriate output or behavior.

Uploaded by

meneboy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Introduction to

Robotics
What is a Robot?

•Robotics is an electromechanical device which


senses its environment, processes it, takes a
decision by itself and reacts to its environment
without human intervention,
How does a Robot Work?

ROBOT SENSORS PROCESSING UNIT ACTUATOR/ POWER SUPPLY


CHASSIS/BODY EFFECTORS
Flow of the Processing Unit e.g.
Micro-controller

Input Processing Unit Output


Robot Chassis/Body

The physical body allows the robot to act in the physical world.

The physical body are under the same physical laws as other objects
• It must use actuators to move
• Cannot change shape or size arbitrarily
• It needs energy
• It takes time to speed up and slow down

The physical body influences how the robot can move


Processing Unit (Arduino Board)

This is tool used to control the behaviour of electronics. There are two groups of
electronics:
1. Input – gather information
2. Output – do things
Arduino Board
•Arduino is both Hardware and
Software. Arduino has three parts:
• Physical Hardware (Arduino Uno,
Nano, etc.)
• Software (Arduino IDE)
• Arduino Sketch
Why Arduino Board?

1. It is designed for ease of use


2. They have headers that make it easy to connect electrical components
3. It has a built-in external power jack
Sensors
Robotic sensors are used to estimate a robot’s condition and environment.
These signals are then passed to the robot’s controller to enable appropriate
behaviour. Sensing allows the robot know its state.
● Proprioceptive sensors e.g., GPS, encoders etc.
● Exteroceptive sensors
○ Contact Sensors e.g., mechanical switches, tactile sensors
○ Range Sensors e.g., sonars, lasers, IR, RF, etc.
○ Vision Sensors
How do Sensors work?
•All sensor have input and output:
• Input – Physical quantity we will be measuring
• Output – Change in the electrical property of the sensor
element

•There are two types of sensors:


• Digital Sensors
• Analog Sensors
Actuators and
Effectors
•Actuators and Effectors enables a robot to
take an action by using mechanism such as
muscles and motors e.g., pneumatics,
chemically reactive materials, DC Motors,
Servo Motor
•Activities are in two types
• Locomotion - mechanisms include
wheels, legs, modular robots and
propellers
• Manipulation
Power
•Robots are expected to work tirelessly for hours,
yielding perfect and precise results. Robots are
powered by electrical power. Example of power
sources:
• Batteries
• Lead acid batteries
• Lithium - ion batteries
• Thermoelectric generators, 
• Fuel cells, 
• Supercapacitors 

You might also like