Thanks to visit codestin.com
Credit goes to www.scribd.com

Scribd
Upload
34 views11 pages

CHAPTER 3 Discrete Probability Distribution

This document discusses random variables and probability distributions. It defines random variables as functions that associate real numbers to outcomes in a sample space. Random variables can be discrete or continuous. Discrete variables have countable possible values while continuous variables have uncountable possible values over intervals. The cumulative distribution function describes the probability of a random variable being less than or equal to a given value and is obtained by summing the probability density function.

Uploaded by

Michael Bagacina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views11 pages

CHAPTER 3 Discrete Probability Distribution

This document discusses random variables and probability distributions. It defines random variables as functions that associate real numbers to outcomes in a sample space. Random variables can be discrete or continuous. Discrete variables have countable possible values while continuous variables have uncountable possible values over intervals. The cumulative distribution function describes the probability of a random variable being less than or equal to a given value and is obtained by summing the probability density function.

Uploaded by

Michael Bagacina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

RANDOM

VARIABLES AND
PROBABILTY
DISTRIBUTIONS
RANDOM VARIABLES
• It is a functions that associates a real number to each
element in the sample space
• It is a result of chance in an event that you can
measure or count
• It is a numerical quantity that is assigned to the
outcome of an experiment
Note: We use capital letters to represent a random
variable
STEPS IN FINDING THE RANDOM VARIABLE

Step 1: List the sample space, S


Step 2: Count the number of the assigned
Value in each outcome and assigned
this number to this outcome.
Step 3: Make a conclusions.
EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
Suppose two coins are tossed and we are interested to determine the number of tails
that will come out. Let us use T to represent the number of tails that will come out. Determine
the values of the random variable T.
 Step 1: List the sample space, S
 Step 2: Count the number of the assigned Value in each outcome and assigned
this number to this outcome.
 Step 3: Make a conclusions.

Numbers of
Outcome
Tails
{Value of T}
The values of the Random variable T
S= { HH, HT,TH, TT} HH 0
of this experiment are ( 0,1, and 2)
HT 1
TH 1
TT 2
DESCRETE AND CONTINUOUS
RANDOM VARIABLES
A random variable may be classified as discrete and continuous

• A Discrete random variable has a countable


number of possible values

• A Continuous random variable can assume


an infinite number of values in one or more
intervals.
Example of Discrete and Continuous Random Variable:
Discrete Random Continuous
Variable Random Variable

Number of pens in Length of electric


a box wires
Number of ants in Voltage of car
a colony batteries

Number of Amount of sugar in


defective batteries a cup of coffee

possible values are possible values are not


countable, whole number, countable, not whole number,
and have a fix value and does not have a fix value
CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION
FUNCTION
The Cumulative distribution function is used to describe the
probability distribution of random variables. It can be used to
describe the probability for a discrete, continuous or mixed
variable. It is obtained by summing up the probability density
function and getting the cumulative probability for a random
variable.
F(x)=P(X≤x)=x
Where :
F(x) = Function of X
X = real value variable
P = probability that X will have a value less
than or equal to x

You might also like