Tubular Design and Analysis
System
TDAS v6.1
Francisco Espinoza
Schlumberger Drilling & Measurements
Introduction to TDAS
High performance casing and tubing design/analysis program.
Originally developed in the 1970’s to better understand loads,
stresses, movements and design factors in HPHT wells.
First commercial version was developed jointly with BP and
released in 1985.
The expert system was developed in 1990 to support a rules
based system for computer generation of the philosophical
aspects of design.
Latest version including the Schlumberger-IPM rule set is TDAS
6.1 released in 2002.
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Important Concepts
Stress: force per unit area. = F/A
Strain: relative change in shape of a body. = L/Lo
Hooke’s Law: stress in a material is proportional to the strain
which produce it. = E
Poisson’s Ratio: when a tube is loaded in axial tension, generates
axial and radial strain (proportional in the elastic region). = r /a
API Specification 5CT: Yield stress is the tensile stress required
to produce an elongation of 0.5% to 0.65% depending on grade.
Other: Buoyancy, Buckling, Tubular Movement, Design factors,
Safety factors and Tri-axial stress (Von Mises Equivalent)
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Important Concepts
Burst: The theoretical internal pressure differential at which a joint of
casing will fail. The casing burst pressure value is a key consideration in
many well-control and contingency operations and is a major factor in
the well design process.
Collapse: The pressurere at which a tube, will catastrophically deform as
a result of differential pressure acting from outside to inside of the tube.
The collapse-pressure rating of perfectly round tubing is relatively high.
However, when the tubing is even slightly oval, the differential pressure
at which the tube will collapse may be significantly reduced.
Sour corrosion: Corrosion associated with the presence of hydrogen
sulfide [H2S]. Sour corrosion occurs in several forms of hydrogen
embrittlement that cause materials to fail at stress levels below their
normal yield strength.
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Conventional Design Method
Aim to achieve adequate design factors in burst, collapse and
tension.
Loads are generated from:
– Hanging weight of the string
– Internal/External surface pressures
– Fluid densities
It neglects:
– Cementing
– Buckling
– Temperature changes
– Bending stresses
– Changes in cross sectional area
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Conventional Design Method
Is simple in nature and may be easily computed by
hand calculations.
Often leads to a conservative design for shallow strings
and more importantly: leads to an inadequate design
for deep strings.
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Service Life Design Method
An initial condition (base case) is specified.
Subsequent events (load cases) are superimposed.
Design factors, Stresses and Forces are determined for the base
case and each load case.
Base stress state= As-cemented state.
Once the cement has set: Subsequent changes in well conditions
generate additional forces and stresses.
These forces are added to the base condition to form a service
load. Multiple service loads may be applied to describe the
Service life of the string.
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Service Life Design Method
Service life calculations are quite involved and require
the use of a computer for efficiency.
Optimum design.
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Work Flow
Have all required data at hand
– Environment of the well.
– Depth
– Fracture and Pore pressure gradients
– Temperature gradients
– If deviated well: 3-D survey data
Create a well plan
Run the expert system
Examine the results
Modify elements to customize results
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Using TDAS Part
1
Open TDAS: Start / Schlumberger / Drilling Office / TDAS6
Select Tools followed by Units: Use Oilfield-Units and modify
just the depth reference to meters.
Select File followed by New: Enter Well Description.
– Offshore? Wellhead location? Deviated?
– Wd, RKB, Lithology, Well type
– Design rule: Schlumberger-IPM
Input Deviation Data: 3D (MD, Inc, Azimuth)
Input Casing Scheme: OD, Top, Bottom, MW, Sour?, Wall Loss%
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS Part
2
Input Pore Pressure and Fracture gradients into the formation
field. Default uses GOM reasonable data.
Input Static Temperature data. Default uses a gradient of –1
ºF/100 ft in the water and 1.4 ºF/100 ft from the bottom of the
sea with a surface temperature of 65 ºF.
Input the “Green Cement” (psi) and “Gas kick” data (volume
and intensity).
Finally Generate the Least Cost String Analysis only once. The
rule set is invoked when the “Generate least cost strings” button
is used.
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Using TDAS v6.1
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Analyzing the Outputs
The rule set simplifies Design and Analysis by setting up the well
using a minimum amount of input data.
All data created by the rule set can be modified.
String model data is organized into data components:
– String Model (OD,Weight, wall, grade, connection, etc).
– Hole size (Constraints outside of tubular).
– Installed conditions (Cementing and landing).
– Load Cases (starting with the installed load).
– Pressure and Temp profiles are fundamental for installed load.
TDAS attempts to create a least cost string model for each string. If
a least cost solution is not possible, a result is forced selecting the
tubular and connection with the highest ratings.
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Using TDAS v6.1
4 Main fields for each Designed string
LC String Model (OD, Weight, wall, grade, connection,
material)
Hole
size
Cementing and Landing
6 Load cases by default
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Final Results for Analysis
Using TDAS v6.1
Formation Plot &
Summary Plot & Table
Table Survey Plot & Temperature Plot &
Table Table
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Output Mode
String Model Output
Tension/Comp. Plot &
CISO view Table
Burst/Collapse Plot & Design factors
Tri-Axial Table
view
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String Model Output
The TELCAP (Tri-axial Equivalent Load Capacity) plot is a two-
dimensional VME representation of the loads and the allowable pipe
body service envelope for each string section.
The CISO (Connection ISO) plot is a two-dimensional VME
representation of the loads and the allowable connection service
envelope for each string division. All load cases used in the design
are plotted on the CISO view. CISO provides a tri-axial service load
yield envelope for any API or proprietary tubular connection.
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TellCap View
String Triaxial: 13.375 68.000 N-80 MTC Steel 1500-2340 m
WELL-001HP (TEST1.wpf)
6
3
4
7
2
8 96
4 2 1
0
5
2
6
-2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Axial Load (1000#)
1 VME = 80 ksi 6 Load 2- Leak off Test-2340m str 3
2 VME DF = 1.25 7 Load 3- 50.0 bbl Kick-3131m str 3
3 API Operating 8 Load 4- 1/3 Replc-3131m str 3 C,W
4 Load B- Installed Load 9 Load 5- 1/3 Replc-3131m str 3 S,W
5 Load 1- 1/3 Evac-3131m str 3
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Ciso View
String CISO: 13.375 68.000 N-80 MTC Steel 1500-2340 m
WELL-001HP (TEST1.wpf)
5
2
6 74
2 1
0
3
2
6
-2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Axial Load (1000#)
1 VME = 80 ksi 5 Load 3- 50.0 bbl Kick-3131m str 3
2 Load B- Installed Load 6 Load 4- 1/3 Replc-3131m str 3 C,W
3 Load 1- 1/3 Evac-3131m str 3 7 Load 5- 1/3 Replc-3131m str 3 S,W
4 Load 2- Leak off Test-2340m str 3
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Burst/Collapse View
String Burst/Collapse Design: 13-3/8" Intermediate Csg - String 3 - Mod 1
WELL-001HP (TEST1.wpf)
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
-3000 -2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure (psi)
Collapse Rating Collapse Load Burst Load Burst Rating
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Tension/Compression View
String Tension/Compression Design: 13-3/8" Intermediate Csg - String 3 - Mod 1
WELL-001HP (TEST1.wpf)
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
-2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500
Force (1000#)
Compression Rating Compression Load Tension Load Tension Rating
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Load Case Output
Load T/C Plot &
Table
Load B/C Plot & Load, Stress & Buckling
Table
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Load Cases
As Cemented: The Base Case.
– Full Strings: cemented 50% OF FULL LENGTH.
– Liners, Surface casing and Conductors: CEMENTED TO THE TOP.
LOT: casing Full of Mud in which the string was run.
– Pressure at Shoe= FG+0.2 ppg (Development)
– Pressure at Shoe= FG+0.5 ppg (Exploration)
1/3 Evacuation: casing is internally evacuated to 1/3 of OHD
– Below that is the MW for next string.
1/3 Gas Replacement: gas to 1/3 of OHD
– Below that is the MW used to drill that hole.
Gas Kick:
– 1 ppg gas kick for development wells.
– 2 ppg gas kick for exploratory wells.
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Load Case Output
Burst: The API minimum internal yield pressure (MIYP); usually a
function of the minimum yield strength, wall thickness, wall tolerance,
and outside diameter of the pipe body, but may be reduced due to
limitations of the coupling or box. Can also include user-specified
rating.
Collapse: The API collapse rating is the minimum external
pressure that yields an 0.995 reliability rating for "ribbon" collapse
of the pipe body. It is a function of the following factors: D/t (ratio
of outside diameter to wall thickness); yield strength; ovality;
eccentricity; and pipe body residual stress.
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Load Case Output
Tension: Axial tension rating. Derived from API 5C3 for API
connectors. TDAS uses the minimum of either:
The critical cross-section of the connection (pin or box)
multiplied by the minimum tensile strength.
The pipe body cross-sectional area multiplied by the "corrected"
minimum tensile strength.
Compression : Axial compression rating. API does not currently
address compression ratings. TDAS uses the minimum of either:
The critical cross-section of the connection (pin or box)
multiplied by the minimum yield strength.
The pipe body cross-sectional area multiplied by the
minimum yield strength.
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Edit Least Cost Design
Mouse “right-click”
Design Criteria
Design Factors
Design Parameters
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Design Criteria
These parameters set basic specifications for a string (or
division of a string; multiple rows indicate multiple
divisions)
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Design Factors
DF= Pipe Rating / Max. Anticipated Service
Load
Design factor
The design factor is the relationship between the rating of a pipe and the
load on the pipe in a specific situation. For example, a pipe might have a
collapse rating of 2030 psi. Under a specific set of conditions (a load case)
the collapse load is 1383 psi. The design factor is 1.47--the rating divided by
the load. The pipe rating is 47% greater than the load expected to be put on
it for this load case.
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Design Parameters
This table presents the design parameters you wish the
system to consider in designing the string model
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Forced Results !!
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Supporting Material
TDAS6 Help utility. The most complete.
Schlumberger IPM Rule Set Technical Manual.
TDAS Training Manual.
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