English Course
FSB- CEIL -VRSP
2023
Grammar-Scientific text
LESSON 3. Adjectives & Averbs
Pre reading warm-up
Do you have an idea on information molecules?
Scientific Text
The information molecules produced by the endocrine glands (hormones)
diffuse throughout the body (extracellular fluids, lymph, blood, and
sometimes cerebrospinal fluid, excretions, etc.).
The presence of a hormone is detected above a certain level by cells (target
cells) which have a protein (receptor) capable of specifically recognizing it.
The binding of the receptor (protein) and the hormone (ligand)produces a
certain number of effects in the cell: entry of the hormone into the cell,
activation or inhibition of enzymes, induction or repression of genes, etc. ..
These effects are specific because they depend on the nature of the hormone
and the metabolism of this cell. The hormones are finally captured by cells
(liver, kidney, etc.) which inactivate them, destroy them (catabolism) or
excrete them informational molecules.
Reference: Alcohol Health Res World.1998; 22(3): 153–164.
Reading Comprehension
a. Give a title to the text
b. What is the main idea of the text?
c. Which cells can detect the presence of a hormone?
d. What are the effects produced by the hormone and
the protein in a cell?
e. How can the target cells detect the presence of a
hormone?
f. What makes the effects specific?
g. Bring out three Key words
II. Grammar
I. Pick up from the text Nouns, Adjectives & Adverbs
Quiz
After giving some or all of them
II. Complete the following table according to each form
Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
molecule
genes
endocrine
cells
catabolism
hormone
fluids
extracellular
cerebrospinal
informational
specific
final
specific
finally
Specifically
Sometimes (adverb of
frequency)
III. Underline the adjectives and adverbs in the following sentences
a. A molecule is the highest particle of matter.
b. Molecules are the smallest particle of compound.
c. the hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy.
d. He lost a lot of blood in the accident.
e. Molecular Cell aims to publish the best research in molecular biology
f. Cerebrospinal fluid clear, colorless liquid that fills and surrounds the brain
VI. Translate into French the following sentence
The information molecules produced by the endocrine glands (hormones) diffuse
throughout the body (extracellular fluids, lymph, blood, and sometimes
cerebrospinal fluid, excretions, etc.).