KOREAN CLASS
week4
• Postpositional Particles
• Negative expression
• Past expression
INDEX
• Basic Word
• Dialogue
• Korea’s Culture
POSTPOSITIONAL PARTICLES - TOPIC MARKING
은 [eun] / 는 [neun]
• The main role of topic marking particles is letting the other people know what you are talking about
or going to talk about, and topic marking particles are attached after nouns.
Words ending with a consonant + - 은
Words ending with a vowel + - 는
• Example
가방 [ga-bang] + 은 [eun]
=bag
나 [na] + 는 [neun]
=I
이거 [i-geo] + 는 [neun]
= This
저는 학생이에요 . [ jeo-neun hak-saeng-i-e-yo] = I am a student.
=I
POSTPOSITION PARTICLES – SUBJECT MAKING
이 [i] / 가 [ga]
• The role of subject marking particles is relatively simple compared to that of role of topic marking
particles.
Words ending with a consonant + - 이
Words ending with a vowel + - 가
• Example
가방 [ga-bang] + 이 [i]
=bag
학교 [hak-gyo] + 가 [ga]
=school
내 [nae] + 가 [ga]
=I
선물이 왔다 . [ seon-mul-i-what-da] = A gift is came
=gift
NEGATIVE EXPRESSION
• There are mainly two ways to make negative sentence
1. Adding 안 [an] before a verb
2. Using the negative verb ending, 지 않다 [ ji an-ta]
• Example - verb
• Example - adjective
DIALOGUE – USING NEGATIVE EXPRESSION
A: 아파요 ? [a-pa-yo?] = Does it hurt?
B: 안 아파요 . [an a-pa-yo] = It doesn’t hurt.
A: 안 아파요 ? 진짜 안 아파요 ?
[an a-pa-yo? jin-jja an a-pa-yo?]
= It doesn’t hurt? It really doesn’t hurt?
B: 안 아파요 . [an a-pa-yo] = It doesn’t hurt.
A: 안 먹어요 ? [an meo-geo-yo?] = You are not going to
eat?
B: 안 먹어요 ! [an meo-geo-yo!] = I’m not eating!
DIALOGUE – A: 정말 안 먹어요 ? 맛있어요 !
USING [ jeong-mal an meo-geo-yo? ma-si-sseo-yo]
NEGATIVE = You are really not going to eat? It’s delicious.
EXPRESSION
B: 안 먹어요 . 배 안 고파요 .
[an meo-geo-yo. bae an go-pa-yo]
= I’m not eating. I’m not hungry.
PAST EXPRESSION
• Present sentence
PAST EXPRESSION
1. Verb stems ending with vowels ᅩ [o] or ᅡ [a] + 았어요 [ass-eo-yo]
2. Verb stems ending with vowels OTHER THAN ᅩ or ᅡ + 었어요 [eoss-eo-yo]
3. Verb stem 하 + 였어요 [yeoss-eo-yo]
• Example
Past tense
Past tense
BASIC WORD - NOUN
• Love = 사랑 [sa-rang]
• Movie = 영화 [young-hwa]
• Cooking = 요리 [yo-ri]
• Today = 오늘 [o-neul]
• Tomorrow = 내일 [nae-il]
• Yesterday = 어제 [eo-jae]
BASIC WORD - VERB
• Do not know = 모른다 [mo-reun-da]
• Study = 공부하다 [gong-bu-ha-da]
• Exercise = 운동하다 [un-dong-ha-da]
• Sing = 노래하다 [no-rae-ha-da]
• Laugh = 웃다 [ut-da]
• Cry = 울다 [ul- da]
DIALOGUE
Sana : What did you do last weekend?
= 지난 주말에 뭐했어 ?
[ji-nan ju-mal-e mwo-haet-eo?]
Jin : I watched a movie with my friend.
= 나 친구랑 영화봤어 .
[na chin-gu-rang young-hwa-bwat-eo]
DIALOGUE
Sana : What’s the title of movie?
= 영화 제목이 뭐야 ?
[young-hwa jae-mok-I mwo-ya?]
Jin : Parasite! Have you watched this movie?
= 기생충 ! 너 이 영화 봤어 ?
[gi-saeng-chung! Neo I young-hwa bwat-eo?]
DIALOGUE
Sana : No, I haven't seen it yet.
= 아니 , 아직 안 봤어 .
[a-ni, a-jig an bwat-eo]
Jin : Really? It’s really fun.
= 정말 ? 그거 정말 재미있어 .
[jeong-mal? Geu-geo jung-mal jae-mi-iss-eo]
KOREA’S
CULTURE
- Characteristics of Korean/Korea
that Koreans say
1. A TITLE FOR OTHERS
• In English, “you” is used to call other people regardless of age or status, but there are
several types of titles in Korea.
Older people Younger people
woman 언니 [eon-ni] 여동생 [yeo-dong-saeng]
누나 [nu-na]
man 형 [hyung] 남동생 [nam-dong-saeng]
오빠 [o-bba]
2. DUTY OF MILITARY
SERVICE
• Korea is a divided country.
• Most men in South Korea have to go to the
military when they turn 18.
• 곰신 [ gom-sin]
• Have to spend one year and eight months in the
military.
3. HANGUK-SARAM BBAL-LI BBAL-LI!!
(KOREAN FAST FAST!!)
• Not everyone is like that, but when compared to
people from other countries, we are quick in
temper.
• When go abroad, feel stuffy with the country's
work and the speed of Wi-Fi.
• Get up before the bus stops, pick up their card
and get ready to get off.
• The airplane door hasn't even opened, but they
already get up, pack their luggage, and line up in
the aisle.
The noodles of cup noodles are not cooked, but eating
4. ENTHUSIASM FOR SPICY FOOD.
• Almost all Korean food is red.
• Garlic and pepper are essential
when making food.
• New and powerful spicy foods are
released every year.
• When return from travel(abroad) ,
always look for spicy food first.
5. DO NOT SIT ON THE SOFA
• Many people do not sit on the
sofa even if they have a sofa,
but sit on the floor with their
backs on the sofa.
6.PUSH THE DOOR
• Even if there is a 'Pull' on the
door, push the door open.
7. APPLAUSE WHEN
LAUGHING
• When laugh, people clap and laugh.
• Red = foreign
• Black = Korean
Thank you
