Topic 3:

Software
Semester 2 - 2021
 Section A:Software basics
Section B:Office Suites
Chapter Section C: Installing Software and Upgrades
Contents Section D: Buying Software
Section E: Security Software
  Software Categories
 Music Software
 Video Software
 Graphics Software
 Mapping and Location-based Software
Section A:  Business and “Number Crunching” Software
Software basic  Desktop Publishing Software
s  Personal Finance Software
 Utility Software
 Device Drivers
  Software is categorized in two main categories:
 Application software
Software  Designed to help people accomplish real-world tasks
 System software
Categories  Designed for computer-centric tasks
  Offers many ways to work with music, sound effects,
and narration from your desktop, notebook, or
handheld computer
 iTunes
 Audio editing software

Music
Software
  Provides a set of tools for creating video productions
from raw footage
 Consumer-level video editing software
 Windows Live Movie Maker
 Apple iMovie
 DVD authoring software
Video
Software
  Designed to help you
create, manipulate,
and print graphics
Graphics 

Paint software
Photo editing software
Software  Drawing software
 3-D graphics software
 CAD(Computer-aided
design) software
  A mapping application typically displays satellite,
aerial, or street maps used to locate places and get
directions between two addresses
 MapQuest, Yahoo! Maps and Google Maps
Mapping and  Location-based software is able to access your current
Location-Based location and use it to show you the closest shops,
Software restaurants, and theaters, as well as information about
each location
 Stay alert for devices and software applications that track
your location
  Vertical market software is designed to automate
Business and specialized tasks in a specific market or business
 Horizontal market software is generic software that
“Number just about any kind of business can use
Crunching”  Payroll software

Software  Accounting software

 Project management software
  Desktop publishing software (DTP software) takes
word processing to the next level by providing
professional tools for producing typeset-quality
documents
 DTP software is available in consumer-level and professional-
Desktop level versions
 DTP software allows you to create a page using
Publishing multiple frames; some frames can hold text, while
Software other frames can hold titles, graphics, and tables
 Today’s word processing software typically provides an
adequate feature set for the document production
needs of most individuals
Desktop
Publishing
Software
  Money management software offers a variety of tools for tracking
cash flow and investments
 Personal finance software, such as Intuit Quicken, is designed to
Personal keep track of income, expenses, assets, and liabilities using a
Finance simple checkbook-like user interface
 Tax preparation software is a specialized type of personal finance
Software software designed to help you gather your annual income and
expense data, identify deductions, and calculate tax payments
Personal
Finance
Software
  Utility software is designed to help you monitor and configure
settings for your digital gear, its operating system, or application
software
 Third-party software companies offer additional products that
extend and improve upon those supplied by the operating system
 A PDF reader, such as Adobe Reader, is an essential utility that
Utility displays documents stored in standard PDF files
Software  Adaptive utilities alter a device’s user interface to create an
accessible environment by providing closed captions, text-to-
speech, speech-to-text, or large screen text
 System utilities that can track down and fix disk errors, repair
corrupted files, and give your device a performance-enhancing
tune-up
  A device driver is software that helps a peripheral device establish
communication with a computer
 On a Mac, you can click the Apple icon, select About this Mac, and
then select More info to look at a list of devices connected to your
Device Drivers computer
 On a PC, if you need to update a device driver or change its
settings, you can usually access the driver by using the Start
menu’s Control Panel option and opening the System icon
Device Drivers
  Office Suite Basics
 Word Processing
Section B:  Spreadsheets

Office Suites  Databases

 Presentations
  Word processing software has replaced typewriters for producing
many types of documents, including reports, letters, memos,
papers, and book manuscripts
Office Suites  A typical word processor window displays a work area, called a
workspace, that represents a blank piece of paper
Office Suites
Word
Processing
  The look of your final document depends on several
formatting factors, such as page layout, paragraph
style, and font
Word  Page layout refers to the physical position of each element
on a page
Processing  Paragraph style includes the alignment of text within the
margins and the space between each line of text
 A font is a set of letters that share a unified design
Word
Processing
  A spreadsheet uses rows and columns of numbers to create a
model or representation of a real solution
 Spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel, iWork Numbers,
Google Docs Spreadsheets, or LibreOffice Calc, provides tools to
create electronic spreadsheets

Spreadsheets
  A formula tells the computer how to use the
contents of cells in calculations
 Cell references
 Relative reference
 Absolute reference
 Mathematical operators
Spreadsheets  Functions
 Automatic recalculations
Spreadsheets
Spreadsheets
Spreadsheets
  A database is a collection of data
 Database software helps you enter, find, organize, update,
and report information stored in a database

Databases
Databases
  A query language such
as SQL (Structured
Databases Query Language)
provides a set of
commands for locating
and manipulating data
 Natural language
query
 Keyword search
 Query by example
  Presentation software supplies the tools for combining text,
photos, clip art, graphs, animations, and sound into a series of
Presentations electronic slides that can be shown on a computer screen or
projector
Presentations
  Web Apps
 Mobile Apps
 Local Applications
Section C:  Portable Software
Installing Soft  Software Upgrades and Updates
ware and Upgr  Uninstalling Software
ades
  Software installation is a process that places a program
into a computer so that it can be run or executed
 A Web application, or Web App, is software that is
accessed with a Web browser
Web Apps  Example of cloud computing
 Many are associated with consumer sites
 Most require no installation at all on your local computer or
handheld device
Web Apps
  A mobile app is designed for a handheld device, such as
a smartphone, tablet computer, or enhanced media
player
 Most handheld devices can use both Web apps and
mobile apps
 Mobile apps can be purchased from an app store
Mobile Apps  Apple App Store
 Android Market
 Apps are available from other sources, but using them
requires an unauthorized change to the device’s
software called a jailbreak
Mobile Apps
  Most local applications contain a setup
program that guides you through the
installation process
 At least one of the files included in a software
package is an executable file designed to be
Local started by users or automatically launched by
Applications the operating system
Local
Applications
Local
Applications
Local
Applications
Local
Applications
  Portable software is designed to run from removable
storage, such as a CD or USB flash drive
Portable  Installation is simply a matter of getting program files to the
Software media on which they are supposed to run
Portable
Software
  Periodically, software publishers replace older versions
of a software product with a new version that’s
sometimes referred to as a software upgrade
Software
 A software update is a small section of program code
Upgrades that replaces part of the software you currently have
Updates installed
 Service packs
  Updates are usually available online for registered software
 Automatic Update option
 Always install updates and service packs when they become
available
 Many software publishers require users to type in a validation
Software code to complete an upgrade
Upgrades and
Updates
  Uninstall routines delete the software’s files from the various
Uninstalling folders on your computer’s hard disk
Software
Section D:  Consumer Basics

Buying Softwa  Software Copyrights and Licenses

re
  Most operating systems include a handful of small applications
and a good variety of useful utility software
 Such is Microsoft Windows operating system that provides most
frequently used applications and utilities.

Consumer
Basics
  A software suite is a collection of application software sold
as a single package.
 Advantage:
 Purchasing a software suite is usually less expensive than
purchasing the applications separately.
 Another advantage is usability
Consumer  Similar User Interfaces - easy to transport data from one
application to another
Basics  Disadvantage: You might pay for applications you don’t need.
  Make sure your computer meets the system requirements (which
specify the operating system and minimum hardware capabilities
necessary for a software product to work correctly

Consumer
Basics
  A copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the
author of an original “work” exclusive rights
 Copyright notice
 Software licenses, also called license agreements,
Software define the ways in which you may use a computer
program
Copyrights and  Single-user license
licenses  Site license
 Multiple-user
 Concurrent-use license
 Shrink-wrap license
  EULA (End-User License Agreement)
 Different types of software licenses
 Public domain
 Proprietary
Software  Commercial software
Copyrights and  Demoware
 Shareware
Licenses  Open source
 BSD
 GPL
Software
Copyrights and
Licenses
  Freeware is copyrighted software that is available for
free
Software  Product activation is a means of protecting software
from illegal copying by requiring users to enter a
Copyrights and product key or activation code before the software can
Licenses be used
 A hash value is a unique number derived from encoding
one or more data sets, such as names, serial numbers,
and validation codes
  Security Software Basics
Section E:  Security Suites

Security Softw  Antivirus Modules

are
  Security software is designed to protect computers from various
forms of destructive software and unauthorized intrusions
Security  The terms malicious software and malware refer to any computer
Software program designed to surreptitiously enter a computer, gain
unauthorized access to data, or disrupt normal processing
Basics operations
  Computer virus
 Computer worm
 Mass-mailing worm

Security  Trojan horse

 Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
Software  Bot
Basics  Spider
 Botnet
 Spyware
Security
Software
Basics
  The term rootkit refers to software tools used to conceal malware
Security and backdoors that have been installed on a victim’s computer
Software  A virus hoax usually arrives as an email message containing dire
warnings about a supposedly new virus on the loose
Basics
  A security suite integrates several security modules to protect
against the most common types of malware, unauthorized access,
and spam
Security Suites  A security suite costs less than purchasing standalone security
modules
Security Suites
  Antivirus software is a type of utility software that
looks for and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses, worms,
and bots
 A virus signature is a section of program code, such as a
Antivirus unique series of instructions, that can be used to identify a
known malicious program, much as a fingerprint is used to
Modules identify an individual
 Virus signatures and other information that antivirus
software uses to identify and eradicate malware is stored in
one or more files usually referred to as virus definitions
Anti Virus
Modules
  Most experts recommend that you configure your antivirus
software to periodically scan all the files on your computer
 If, during the scanning process, your virus protection software
identifies a virus, worm, Trojan horse, or bot in a file or
attachment, it can try to remove the infection, put the file into
quarantine, or simply delete the file

Anti Virus
Modules
Topic 3:
Complete

References:
Parsons J.J, O. D., 2011. New Perspective on Computer Concepts 2011, Comprehensive. 2011 ed. Boston:
Course Technology, Cengage Learning.
Parsons, O., 2013. New Perspective for Computer Concepts 2013 Brief. 2013 ed. Boston: Course Technology,
Cengage Learning.