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Field Plot Techniques

The document discusses techniques for conducting field experiments in rice, including considerations for plot size, shape, and orientation. It recommends that for rice field experiments, plot sizes should be between 8-25 square meters, with a minimum of 4 square meters for yield trials. Plot shape depends on soil heterogeneity and fertility gradients. Key factors in choosing plot size and shape include the type of experiment, soil non-uniformity, and presence of soil fertility gradients. The document provides guidelines for plot sampling, computing crop yield based on harvest area or yield components, and calculating yield component parameters.

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499 views11 pages

Field Plot Techniques

The document discusses techniques for conducting field experiments in rice, including considerations for plot size, shape, and orientation. It recommends that for rice field experiments, plot sizes should be between 8-25 square meters, with a minimum of 4 square meters for yield trials. Plot shape depends on soil heterogeneity and fertility gradients. Key factors in choosing plot size and shape include the type of experiment, soil non-uniformity, and presence of soil fertility gradients. The document provides guidelines for plot sampling, computing crop yield based on harvest area or yield components, and calculating yield component parameters.

Uploaded by

TOt's Vin
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Techniques for Field

Experiments in Rice
 Field Plot Techniques
 Collection of Data
Plot size, shape & orientation
Terminologies
 Experimental plot – unit where treatments are randomly
assigned
 Size of plot – whole experimental plot, including the harvest
area
 Shape of plot – ratio of length of plot to its width
 Orientation of plot – choice of direction along which lengths of
plots will be placed
The size, shape and orientation of plot can greatly affect the
magnitude of experimental error in a field trial.

Too small plots == give unreliable results


Too large plots == waste of time & resources
A square plot == exposes the smallest number of plants to border
effects
Points to remember
 Orientation of a plot can reduce or increase the effects of fertility
gradients in the field
 In general, experimental error decreases as plot size increases
but reduction is not proportional
 Plot size not only affects variability but ay also bring about bias
in experimental results
 Plots should be wide enough to permit removal of border rows

For rice field experiments


plot size == 8 – 25 sqm (minimum of 4 sqm for yield)
plot shape == depends on soil heterogeneity, fertility
gradient
In choosing plot size and shape
1. Type of experiment
- Fertilizer trials require larger plots than variety
trials
- Irrigation experiments require even larger plots
- Insecticide or herbicide trials == width of plot
may be governed by range of coverage of sprayer
used

2. Soil heterogeneity (non-uniformity of soil in a field)


- “patchy” soil heterogeneity == large plots
- presence of soil fertility gradient == use
rectangular plots
Orientation of plots

Direction of gradient Direction of gradient


Plot Sampling
borders

sampling area

harvest area

DO NOT HARVEST if the number of hills or plants in designated


harvest area or plot is reduced by 20% of the total number of
hills or plants to be harvested in a normal plot .
Tips
Deciding on border rows
 unplanted alleys between plots should not be more than
40 cm
 Allot 1-2 border rows == if adjacent plots are planted to
varieties differing in height, tillering ability, maturity
 Allot 3 border rows == if plants in adjacent plots lodged
 Plant a few rows of uniform variety around the perimeter
of an experiment
 Construct a levee or bund between plots in a fertilizer
experiment
 DO NOT MEASURE agronomic parameters, yield or yield
components from border rows
Computing for Yield (Transplanted)
Two scientific methods:
- based on cropcut yield (harvest area, plot yield)
- based on yield components

Cropcut yield
- area (sqm)
- weight (kg)
- moisture content (%)
- no. of hills harvested (adjusted yield)
Yield based on Yield Components

X X X = Yield

% filled grains 1000-grain


number of panicles number of filled
per panicle weight
per hill or unit area grains per panicle

number of panicles
number of filled grains highly affected by crop management practices
% filled grains

grain weight least affected by crop management practices


Steps
1. Select 10-12 random hills representative of whole
plot
2. Count number of panicles
3. Thresh and bulk
4. Separate filled from unfilled grains using water
(gravity)
5. Dry then obtain separately weight of filled and
unfilled grains
6. Weigh 5-gm of filled grains and count number of
grains
Calculator Matrix
Parameter Formula
No. of panicles/hill total no. of panicles ÷ total no. of sample hills
% Filled grains (wt of filled grains ÷ (wt of filled + wt of
unfilled)) x 100
1000-grain weight (g) (1000 x 5) ÷ no. of grains per 5-gm
No. of filled grains per ((no. of grains per 5-gm x wt of filled grains) ÷ 5)
panicle ÷ total no. of panicles

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