Identify all the forms of energy you see in the picture

below
 In our previous lesson, we learned that
there are two types of energy:
Potential Energy & Kinetic Energy

There are also many forms of energy. This

lesson will provide an overview of some
forms of energy.
There are many forms of energy, but we are going
to focus on just a few.
• Heat energy (Thermal)
• Mechanical energy
• Light (Radiant) energy
• Electrical energy
• Sound energy
• Chemical energy
 Heat (Thermal) Energy
• Energy that is created in the movement of particles (atoms) that
produces heat.
• Heat (thermal) energy increases as temperature increases
• The faster the particles (atoms) move, the greater the kinetic
energy and the greater the object’s thermal energy.
• Thermal energy also depends on the number of particles. If
there are more particles, there is more thermal energy.
 Heat (Thermal) Energy
A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and
show rapid movement.
(More heat energy)

A cooler object's molecules and

atoms will show less movement.
(Less heat energy)
 Which has more thermal
energy? Why?

Hot Chocolate
Ice Water
 Mechanical
Energy
• Energy of motion
• The total energy of motion and
position of an object
(potential energy + kinetic energy)
• Mechanical energy can be all
potential energy, all kinetic
energy, or some of each
 Mechanical
Energy
• The mechanical energy of an
object stays the same, but the
potential and kinetic energy of
an object can increase or decrease.
• Think of juggling. The kinetic energy decreases until all of the
pin’s kinetic energy turns into potential energy, and it stops
moving upward.
• As the pin falls back down again, its potential energy starts
changing back into kinetic energy.
Examples of Mechanical Energy
 Light (Radiant) Energy
• Energy created by vibrating particles that create
waves that travel through space and time. [These
waves are called electromagnetic waves.]
• Light (Radiant) energy can be absorbed, transmitted,
or reflected.
• Includes energy from gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet
rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio
bands
Examples of Light (Radiant) Energy
 Electrical Energy
• Energy that is carried by an
electrical current (the
movement of electrons, the
negatively charged particles of
atoms)
• The electrical energy used in
your home can be thought of as
potential energy that is used
when you plug in an electrical
appliance and use it.
 Sound Energy
• Sound energy is caused by an object’s vibrations
• A vibrating object transmits energy through the air
around it in waves (longitudinal waves)
 Chemical Energy
• Energy stored in chemical
bonds
• When chemical bonds are
broken, new chemicals are
formed and some of it is
released energy
• Examples: Food, Battery,
Burning candle or Wood,
Fireworks, Fossil Fuels,
Gasoline
Examples of Chemical Energy
What type of energy
cooks food in a
microwave oven?
RADIANT ENERGY

What type of energy is

the spinning plate inside
of a microwave oven?
MECHANICAL
ENERGY
Electrical energy is transported
to your house through power
lines.

When you plug an electric fan

to a power outlet, electrical
energy is transformed into
what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
What type of energy is shown below?

Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below?

Chemical, Mechanical and

Radiant Energy
What type of energy is shown below?

Thermal Energy
What type of energy is shown below?

Chemical Energy (yummy)

What types of energy are shown below?

Mechanical and Thermal Energy

(Friction causes thermal energy)
In the world around you, energy is
transforming continually between
one form and another.

Often, one form of energy changes

into more than one form.
 According to the Law of
Conservation of Energy, energy is
never created or destroyed, it just
changes its form.

Demonstration of the Law of Conservation of

Energy:
Exploratorium: Science of Baseball – “
Baseketball a Physicist Party Trick”
 Examples of Transforming Heat
(Thermal) Energy
• When an object is heated to a high temperature, it
glows and gives off heat. Therefore, some thermal
energy is converted to light (radiant) energy
• A fire or a flame converts heat (thermal) energy to
light (radiant) energy
• Energy in the form of heat is almost always one of
the products of an energy transformation.
• For example, when people exercise, when cars run,
when a light is turned on, heat is produced.
 Examples of Transforming
Chemical Energy
• Inside your body, chemical energy is transformed
into mechanical energy (kinetic energy)
• Batteries, wood, matches, fireworks, fossil fuels,
etc. are forms of chemical energy that are
converted into other forms once used or burned
• The matter contained in living organisms has
chemical energy. When organisms die, this
chemical energy is broken down and converted to
other chemical compounds. In this process,
thermal energy is released.
 Examples of Transforming Light
(Radiant) Energy
• Plants use light (radiant) energy to make chemical
energy. [remember Photosynthesis]
• The chemical energy in food is then changed into
another kind of chemical energy that your body can
use. [remember cellular respiration]
• Your body then uses that energy to give you
mechanical energy [kinetic and potential energy]
• Also, the light (radiant) energy converted into
chemical energy in say a tree can then be changed
into thermal energy when you burn the tree’s wood.
 Examples of Transforming Electrical Energy
Every time you plug something into a wall outlet, you are using
electrical energy and that electrical energy is transformed into
other forms of energy

Blender:
electrical energy  mechanical energy
and sound energy

Hairdryer:
electrical energy  mechanical energy,
thermal energy, and sound energy

Alarm Clock: electrical energy  light energy

and sound energy
Let’s examine the Energy
Transformation in riding
a bike.

• As the rider pedals, her leg muscles transform chemical energy

(potential energy stored from the food she ate) into mechanical
(kinetic) energy
• The mechanical (kinetic) energy of her leg muscles transforms
into mechanical (kinetic energy) of the bicycle as she pedals
• Some of this energy transforms into potential energy as she
moves up the hill
• Some energy is transformed into thermal energy (her body is
warmer because chemical energy is released and because of
friction, the mechanical parts of the bicycle are warmer too)
 Energy
Transformations
in a Car
• A car engine transforms the chemical energy in
gasoline into mechanical energy (kinetic and
potential energy)
• Not all of the chemical energy is converted into
mechanical energy. Some is converted into
thermal energy, and the engine becomes hot.
• The chemical energy in the car battery is also
transformed into other forms of energy
 Identify other energy
transformations that you can observe
in a car.
 Energy Transfer
Sound
(mechanical)
cal
ct ri
Ele
Thermal
Mechanical
Electrical

Chemical
Ele
ctr
i ca
l
Light
(Electromagnetic)
Energy Transformations
Watch the short video clip. Identify the energy transformations
that occur.
http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/other-shows/
videos/time-warp-lighting-a-match.htm

In the video, chemical energy in the match changes to heat

(thermal) energy and light (radiant) energy.

While the match is burning, is the amount of chemical energy

in the match the same? Why or Why not?

As the match is burning, the chemical energy is decreasing

while the thermal energy and the radiant energy are increasing.
 How is Energy Like Money? Handout

As you discovered in the handout, energy is

like money in that it doesn’t go away, it just
changes form.

Additionally, the starting twenty dollars

was reduced, but all of it was still there just
in different places. The same is true for
energy.
 Study Jams Video:
Energy and Matter

http://studyjams.scholastic.co
m/studyjams/jams/science/ma
tter/energy-and-matter.htm
Let’s see what you know about
energy transformations.

The following slides will show

an image. Guess the type of
energy transformation that
occurs in the image.
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Electrical Sound
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Light Chemical
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Chemical Mechanical
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Electrical  Heat (Thermal)

 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Chemical Mechanical
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Electrical Mechanical and

Heat (Thermal)
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Mechanical Heat
(Thermal)
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Electrical Light and Heat

(Thermal)
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Chemical Light and Heat

(Thermal)
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Light Electrical and Heat

(Thermal)
 Identify the Energy
Transformation

Sound Electrical  Sound

 Activities to Reinforce Energy
Transformation
• Energy Forms and Conversion Worksheet
• Energy Transformations [2] Worksheet – see
resources for notes
• Energy Transformations [3] Worksheet – see
resources for notes
• Energy Cube Review
• How is Energy like Money? Handout
• Energy Transformations in a Car constructed
response
• Station Activities to demonstrate energy
transformation
 Identify energy transformations in the illustration below.
Include the following: Heat, Light, Mechanical, Electrical,
Sound, & Chemical