WELCOME
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE KARWAR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PROJECT PHASE-01(18CVP83)
ON
“PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH FLY ASH AND
COARSE AGGREGATE WITH COCONUT SHELL IN CONCRETE”
PRESENTED BY:
ADARSH GOWDA BH 2GP21CV400 Under the guidance of:
DEVARAJ K 2GP21CV409 Prof. DR SHANTHALA B
DIVYA M NAIK 2GP21CV411 Department of Civil Engineering
SHILPA V GOWDA 2GP21CV435 GEC Karwar-581345
CONTENTS
Introduction
Objectives
Materials used
Methodology
Conclusion
Reference
INTRODUCTION
Utilization of concrete is increasing at a very high rate due to infrastructural
development activities in the world.
Concrete is one of the world’s most widely used construction material. In
addition, Concrete is the second most consumed substance in the world after
water.
Approximately ten billion tons of concrete is produced every year.
The role of sugarcane bagasse, wood chips, plastic waste, fabric waste,
polyethylene, rice husk, rubber tires, vegetable fibers, paper and pulp industry
waste, peanut shell, coconut shell, waste glass, broken bricks are some cases of
replacing coarse aggregates in concrete.
And silica fume, rice hulls, metakaolin, fly ash, bottom ash, silica dioxide are
use as a partial replacement materials for cement.
OBJECTIVES
To study the effect of coconut shells and fly ash in concrete.
To know the best test results when both cement and coarse aggregate
is replaced with fly ash and coconut shell at the same time
To approach towards the use of an alternative material in concrete.
To compare the test results of compressive strength between Plain
Concrete and Concrete added with Coconut Shells and Fly Ash.
To prove that aggregate replaced and cement replaced concretes are
light weight and can be used for structural applications.
To improve the overall durability and long term performance of
concrete structures.
FLY ASH
In Indian coal is low grade and has high ash content (30-45%) as
compared to imported coals (10-15%), so large quantities of fly
ash are generated, 217.04 Million tons in 2018-19
The replacement of cement by fly ash reduces the water demand
for a given slump.
When fly ash is used at about 20 percent of the total
cementitious, water demand is reduced by approximately 10
percent.
Some fly ash is known to reduce drying shrinkage in certain
situations.
Generally, fly ash benefits fresh concrete by reducing the mixing
water requirement and improving the paste flow behavior.
COCONUT SHELL
Coconut is grown in more than 100 countries.
India is third largest, having cultivation in an area of about 2 million hectares
for coconut production.
India produces about 20% of the coconut produced in the world.
In a recent research done in the year 2020-21, it is found out that India
produces about 34% of coconuts. And within India Kerala produces about 45%
of that.
WHY FLY ASH AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR CEMENT?
Generally, fly ash benefits fresh concrete by reducing the mixing water
requirement and improving the paste flow behavior. The resulting benefits
are as follows:
Improved workability.
Reduced heat of hydration
Decreased water demand
Increased ultimate strength
Reduced permeability
Improved durability
1.WHY COCONUT SHELLS AS PATIAL
REPLACEMENT FOR COARSE AGGREGATE?
Everyday so much of coconut shells wastes are developed by the Industries
and dumped in barren soil there by simply polluting the soil and also
ground water, which generates an environmental issue.
As Coarse aggregates takes upto 60 to 80 percent of the total volume of
concrete and since coconut shells are not easily degradable; they can be
used readily in concrete, which may fulfill almost all the qualities of the
original form of concrete.
Coconut shell is categorized as light weight aggregate.
The coconut shell when dried contains cellulose, lignin and ash in
varying percentage and is similar to that of wood.
The purpose of this research is to disseminate awareness of using
coconut shell as partial replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete
MATERIALS TO BE USED
Cement:
Commercially available Ordinary Portland
Cement
of 43 grade confirming to IS 8112:1989 is to
be used in the project.
Fine aggregate (M- Sand):
Fine aggregate normally consists of natural,
crushed or manufactured Sand. Locally
available M-Sand passed through 4.75mm IS
sieve was used as fine aggregate conforming
to the requirements of IS 383:1970
Coarse aggregate:
Coarse Aggregate in concrete occupies 35% to 70%
of the volume of the concrete. Aggregate specific gravity
Should be more than 2.55 and absorption less than 1.5%
is known to be good quality aggregate. Fraction from 20mm to
4.75mm are used as coarse aggregate.
Coconut shell:
Coconut shell particles was used as a replacement of
coarse aggregate in the project . Shell particles of size
between 20mm-5mm was prepared. Coconut
shell has high strength. Coconut shells was collected
from various places at Karwar to analyze its
properties.
Fly ash:
Fly ash is composed of the non-combustible mineral portion of coal.
Fly ash is one of the residues generated in combustion, and comprises the
fine particles that rise with the flue gases.
Ash which does not rise is termed bottom ash. In an industrial context, fly
ash usually refers to ash produced during combustion of coal.
METHODOLOGY
Concrete mix will be designed as per IS: 10262-1982, IS: 456-2000 for the
nominal concrete.
The grade of concrete, which we adopted, is M-25.
The concrete mix proportion (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate) is
1:1:2 by volume and a water cement ratio of 0.45.
The natural coarse aggregates will be replaced with coconut shell as 0%,
5%, 10%, 20% and 30% by weight of M-25 grade concrete.
The cement will be replace with fly ash as 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% by weight of
M-30 grade concrete.
TESTS TO BE CONDUCTED
• Slump test
• Compression test
• Water absorption
• Tensile test
REFERENCES
Purus Chandra Joshi, Dr. Rakesh Kumar “Effect partial Replacement
of coarse aggregate by Coconut shell on the Compressive strength of
concrete” Journal of research in Civil and Architectural Engineering ,
volume.5, Issue 2 , Giani Zai singh campus college of Engineering and
Technology , MRSPTU Bathinda , Panjab.
Neelesh Kumar Singh, Prerit Saxena, Rishabh Sharma, Rohit Kumar
Shakya, A Comparative Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with
Fly ash & Granite Powder, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil
Engineering, volume 13.
CONCLUSION
Use of coconut shell in cement concrete can help in waste reduction
and Reduction in pollution.
Fly ash concrete is most important building material for the
sustainable construction and fly ash concrete increase workability and
durability of concrete.
It is must to shift contractor focus on economical and durable fly ash
concrete even if higher days of curing required.
THANK
YOU
