By:
Birendra Prasad
220199017195
BCA -VI
Contents
What is Android ?
History of Android
Android Architecture
Components of Android app
Android Studio
Android Emulator
Developing your first app
Programming languages used
Screenshots
Future Enhancements
Introduction to
“ ANDROID ”
Before learning all topics of android, it is required to know
is android.
Android is a software package and linux based operating
system for mobile devices such as tablet computers and
smartphones.
The goal of android project is to create a successful real-
world product that improves the mobile experience for
end users.
There are many code names of android such as Lollipop,
Kitkat, Jelly Bean, Ice cream Sandwich, Froyo, etc which is
covered in next page.
History of Android
The history and versions of android are interesting to
know. The code names of android ranges from A to J
currently, such as Aestro, Blender, Cupcake,
Donut, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwitch, Jelly
Bean, Kitkat and Lollipop etc. Let’s understand the
android history in a sequence.
Android Architecture
Android architecture or Android software stack
is categorized into five parts:
1.Linux kernel
2.Native libraries
3.Android Framework
4.Android Runtime
5.Application
A android application, often referred to as a web
app, is a software application that runs in a web
browser. Unlike traditional desktop applications
that are installed on a user's computer, web
applications are hosted on remote servers and
accessed over the internet through a web browser.
Users interact with web applications by navigating
to a specific web address (URL) and using the
application's user interface, which is typically built
using web technologies like HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript.
Components of Android app
An android Component is simply a piece of code that has a well defined life
cycle e.g. Activity, Receiver, Service etc.
The core building blocks or fundamental components of android are
activities, views, intents, services, content providers, fragments and
AndroidManifest.xml.
Activity:
An activity is a class that represents a single screen. It is like a Frame in
AWT, View:
A view is the UI element such as Button, label, text field etc. Anything
that you see is a view.
Intent :-
Intent is used to invoke components. It is mainly used to:
Start the service
Launch an activity
Display a web page
Display a list of contacts
Broadcast a message
Dial a phone call etc.
Service :-
Service is a background process that can run for a long time.
There are two types of services Local and Remote. Local service is
accessed from within the application. Remote service is accessed remotely
from other applications running on the same devices.
Content Provider :-
Content Providers are used to share data between the applications.
Fragment :-
Fragments are like parts of activity. An activity can display one or more
fragments on the screen at the same time.
AndroidManifest.xml :-
It contains information about activities, content provides, permissions etc.
It is like the web.xml file in Java EE.
Android Studio
Android Studio is the official Integrated Development
Environment (IDE) for Android app development, based on
IntelliJ IDEA. On top of IntelliJ’s powerful code editor and
developer tools, Android Studio offers even more features that
enhance your productivity when building Android apps, such as:
A flexible Gradle-based build system
A fast and feature-rich emulator
A unified environment where you can develop for all Android
devices
Apply Changes to push code and resource changes to your
running app without restarting your app
Android Emulator
The Android emulator is an Android
Virtual Device (AVD), which represents a
specific Android device. We can use the
Android emulator as a target device to
execute and test our Android application on
our PC. The Android emulator provides
almost all the functionality of a real device.
We can get the incoming phone calls and
text messages. It also gives the location of
the devices and simulates different network
speeds. Android emulator simulates
rotation and other hardware sensors. It
accesses the Google Play store, and much
more.
11
Developing Your First App
• Select Start a new Android Studio project
• Select the Activity type (Empty Activity)
• Provide the following information: Application name,
Package name, Language of application and click
next.
Programming languages
Java or Kotlin
XML for ui styling
Application
Screenshots
Splash Screen
Levels
Level: Beginner
Level: Intermediate
Level: Expert
Instructions
Highscore
Future Enhancements
Multiple users will play the game simultaneously by
connecting through Bluetooth or wifi .
Look and Feel will be better.
More Battlefields will be added.
Better graphics.
Inclusion of 3-D Graphics
