SST Revision notes
(only for reference)
Ch 12, 14 , 15 and 16
CH -14 – Indian freedom struggle – the first
war of independence .
• Q1 ] how did the dutch , the French and the british come
to india to trade their goods .
• ANS 1 ] The first European to enter india was a
portugese explorer named Vasco Da Gama who arrived
at Calicut in kerela in the year 1498 and began trading
from there , gradually the portugese took control of the
west coast by setting up trading centres in Kochi ,
Kannur and Calicut . This was how the dutch French and
british came to india
Q2
• Q2] Name the European nations that set up trading
centres in india ?.
• Ans – Britain , Portugal , Netherlands and France were
the European nation that set up trading centres in india
Q3
• Q3 write short notes on
• a) Battle of Plassey
• Ans A) The battle was fought between the East India
company headed by Robert Clive and the Nawab of
Bengal (Siraj ud Daulah) in 1757 . The reason of this
battle was that the British were misusing the privileges
given to them as they were building forts and armies
around their trading centres . Siraj ud Daulah opposed
this behaviour of the British . In this battle the British
emerged victorious and captured Siraj Ud Daulah was
put to death .After the Battle Mir Jafar was made the
new ruler of Bengal.
Q3
• B) Doctrine of lapse
• This chapter was introduced by Lord Dalhousie and said
that if any ruler died without leaving a son as their heir
the kingdom would be brought directly under the
british rule . The Nawab Of Oudh was one of the kings
who had to surrender to the brithish due to this rule .
Q4
• Q4) What are the causes of the outbreak of the first war of
independence ?
• Ans) The cause of the outbreak in the first war of
independence was that the British had introduced new
Enfeild rifles whidh has a greased wrapper around the
cartridge . It was believed that the cartridges were greased
with the fat of cow and pig . The sepoy had to peel of the
wrapper from their mouth in order to use the cartridge . This
offended the sentiments of both hindus and muslims . In
Barrackpore a young Indian soldier named Mangal Pandey
attacked his british seargent on 29 March 1857 for which he
was hanged for rebellion .
Q5
• Q5) Write down the effects of the revolt
• Ans ) The effects of the revolt were that in 1877 Queen
Victoria took the title of the ‘ Empress Of India’ .
Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon in Burma
where he died in 1862 bringing the Mughal dynasty to
an end . The rule of the East India Company also ended
in 1858 and the british government took over india .
