POLYOL EXTRACTION FROM

NATURAL RESOURCES FOR

POLYURETHANE SYNTHESIS

SUBMITTED BY:
GUIDED BY: AMBILI G
DR USHAKUMARY E R ANFA S
PROFESSOR SHINE ANTONY
SALMANUL FARIS
 CONTENTS

01 02 03 04
Introduction Objectives Literature Reviews Methodologies

05 06 07 08 09
Materials & Equipments Preliminary Works Results Work Plan References
 INTRODUCTION

• Polyols, with multiple hydroxyl groups, are essential

for making polyurethane, used in diverse applications
like foams, coatings, and adhesives.

• Traditionally sourced from petroleum, polyols contribute to a

high carbon footprint and environmental issues due to
reliance on finite, non-renewable resources.

• Using edible and non-edible plant oils for polyols supports renewable,
eco-friendly polyurethane production, reducing environmental impact
and promoting sustainability.
 OBJECTIVES

01 To extract polyols from castor, sunflower, palm and

soyabean oil.

02 To compare the Polyols obtained from four different oils through

characterization.

03 To optimize the best polyol for the production of polyurethane.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Author&Year Article Title Key Findings

Żaneta
Utilization of Plant Oils for The review highlights the promise of plant and waste oils
Ciastowicz ,
as sustainable alternatives for polyurethane adhesives,
Sustainable Polyurethane Adhesives:
Renata Pamuła
A Review urging further research to enhance their environmental
and Andrzej
benefits and support a circular economy.
Białowiec
2024

Yuehong Zhang,* The study presents a castor oil-based polyol that

From Castor Oil-Based
Zhenqiang Wu, Lei enhances waterborne polyurethane's mechanical
Shi, Langlang Dai, Multifunctional Polyols to
properties, achieving a 93.8% yield and improved
Ruijing Liu, Lei Waterborne Polyurethanes: tensile strength (10.8 MPa) while reducing water
Zhang, Bin
Synthesis and Properties absorption (16.12%).
Lyu,*Shunhua Zhao,
and Vijay Kumar
Thakur
2023
LITERATURE REVIEW
Author&Year Article Title Key Findings

Marcelo Gryczak Polyols from castor oil Plant-based polyols from sources like soybean oil
( Ricinus communis ) for offer a greener, biodegradable alternative to
2023
petroleum polyols, helping cut emissions in
application as a lubricant base
polyurethane production.

Siti nur Liyana, Influence of Diethanolamine The study successfully synthesized polyols from
Basirah Fauzi, to Triglyceride Structure for Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO)
Ts. Roslinda via transamidation with diethanolamine at 100 °C
Production of Palm Oil-Based
for 5 hours without catalysts or solvents.
Binti Fauzi, 2019 Polyol
 LITERATURE
REVIEW
Author&Year Article Title Key Findings

Adriana Sari
Value Chain Palm Oil Industry The study explores palm oil's economic potential in
Aryani1 , Yulian
Analysis On The Polyol Polyester Indonesia by developing a polyol industry from glycerin
Syahputri2 , to replace petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane,
Pathway
Hermawan, emphasizing industry synergies and environmental
2017 impacts.

Production of Flexible The study finds that replacing 20% of imported silicone
Aremu, M. O.,
Polyurethane Foam using Soya oil and polyol with local soybean and palm kernel oils in
Ojetade, J. O.
polyurethane foam maintains performance while reducing
Olaluwoye, O. S, Bean Oil and Palm Kernel Oil as
costs and supporting local content policies.
2015 Surfactant and Polyol
Respectively
LITERATURE REVIEW
Author&Year Article Title Key Findings

Hairul Azhar
Synthesis of Palm Oil Based The study shows that modified palm oil can replace
Abdul Halim1,a, petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane foam
Polyol via Glycerolysis and
Sabrina Soloi1,b production, achieving comparable hardness and
Transamidation Reactions for
and Rohah A. prompting further research on additional properties.
Polyurethane Foam Production
Majid,
2015

Phan Huy Hoang Cascade reactio.n for bio-polyol The study presents a one-step method to synthesize bio-
*a and Hoang Tien synthesis from sunflower oil over polyols from sunflower oil using tungsten-loaded ZSM-5
Datb, a W/ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for the zeolite, yielding a sustainable alternative to
2024 petrochemical polyols in porous bio-polyurethane
fabrication of a bio-polyurethane-
composites.
based porous biocomposite with
high oil uptake.
METHODOLOGY

Extraction of Preparation of
Comparison of the
polyol polyurethane from
extracted polyols
from plant oils best polyol
 EXTRACTION OF POLYOL FROM PLANT OILS

Transesterification

Epoxidation

Oxirane ring opening

COMPARISON OF THE EXTRACTED POLYOLS

Can be done by different characterization techniques:

⚬ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR) Spectroscopy

⚬ Thermo Gravimetric Analysis(TGA)
⚬ Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy(FTIR)
⚬ Mass Spectroscopy
⚬ High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)
⚬ IODINE VALUE
PREPARATION OF POLYURETHANE FROM BEST POLYOL
 MATERIALS & EQUIPMENTS - CASTOR
OIL

RAW MATERIALS EQUIPMENTS CHARACTERIZATION

• Fourier Transform Infrared

• Caster oil • RoundBottom flask Microscopy (FTIR)
• Hydrogen peroxide • condenser • Nuclear Magnetic
• methanol • Magnetic Stirrer Resonance(NMR)
• NaOH • Rotary Evaporator • Thermogravimetric
• Toluene • Heating System Analysis(TGA)
• Acetic acid • Weighing Balance • Iodine value
• Sulphuric Acid • Seperating Funnel • Mass Spectroscopy
• High Performance Liquid
Chromatography(HPLC)
PRELIMINARY WORKS
Extraction of polyol from caster oil

Done transeste rific a tio n in 5 0 g o f c a sto r

oil without usin g a c o nd e nso r

we k e p t it for o n e d a y fo r ge tting th e la y e r
fo r se p e ra tion

After one day, inste a d of g e ttin g two la y e r

we got the entire so lution a s g e l
PRELIMINARY WORKS

Again we don e tra n se ste rific a tio n in 2 5 g o f

ca stor oil with th e he lp of c o n d e n so r

we k e p t it for o n e d a y fo r ge tting th e la y e r
fo r se p e ra tion

This time we g o t th e e x pe c te d re su lt,

Planning to do fu rth e r p ro c e sse s
 WORK PLAN
Dec 2024 Jan 2025 March
3&4 week 3&4 week 2024
Extraction of Extraction of polyol Preparation
1&2 weekof
polyol from castor from sunflower and polyurethane from
oil coconut oil best polyol

Nov 2024 Jan 2025 Feb 2025 March

1&2 week 1&2 week Characterization 2024
can be done to find
Transesterification Extraction of best polyol Final report
3&4 week
of castor oil polyol from preparation
soyabean oil
 CONCLUSIONS
⚬Plant oil-based polyols provide an eco-friendly, renewable substitute to petroleum-
based options, lowering environmental impact.

⚬These bio-based polyols offer comparable quality for diverse applications, supporting
reliable, versatile polyurethane production.

⚬As demand for sustainable materials rises, plant-based polyols hold strong potential for
advancing greener manufacturing in the polyurethane industry.
 REFERENCES
• Żaneta Ciastowicz , Renata Pamuła and Andrzej Białowiec ,2024, Utilization of Plant Oils for
Sustainable Polyurethane Adhesives: A Review.

• Han Huy Hoang *a and Hoang Tien Datb, 2024 , Cascade reactio.n for bio-polyol synthesis
from sunflower oil over a W/ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for Dani the Martinez
fabrication of a bio-
polyurethane-based porous biocomposite with high oil uptake.

• Yuehong Zhang, Zhenqiang Wu, Lei Shi, Langlang Dai, Ruijing Liu, Lei Zhang, Bin Lyu,*Shunhua
Zhao, and Vijay Kumar Thakur, 2023, From Castor Oil-Based Multifunctional Polyols to
Waterborne Polyurethanes: Synthesis and Properties.

• Marcelo Gryczak, 2023, Polyols from castor oil( Ricinus communis )for application as a
lubricant base.

• Siti nur Liyana, Basirah Fauzi, Ts. Roslinda Fauzi, Binti Fauzi, 2019, Influence of
Diethanolamine to Triglyceride Structure for Production of Palm Oil-Based Polyol.
 REFERENCES
• Adriana Sari Aryani1 , Yulian Syahputri2 , Hermawan, 2017, Value Chain Palm Oil Industry
Analysis On The Polyol Polyester Pathway.

• Hairul Azhar Abdul Halim1,a, Sabrina Soloi1,b and Rohah A. Majid, 2015 , The study shows
that modified palm oil can replace petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane foam
production, achieving comparable hardness and prompting further research on additional
properties.

• Aremu, M. O., Ojetade, J. O. Olaluwoye, O. S, 2015, Production of Flexible Polyurethane Foam

using Soya Bean Oil and Palm Kernel Oil as Surfactant and Polyol Respectively
THANK YOU