CULTURAL DIVERSITY
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Reported by: Camacho, Rufa Mae
Auguis, Rhea Mae
Villegas, Romnick
Nobleza, Janrey
Yanong, Mae
Submitted to: Maam Alpha Palconit
The Philippines
• it consists of 7,641 islands
• broadly categorized in three main geographical divisions
from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
• Colonized by Spain in 16th century for 300 years
• Ceded to USA in 1898
• Colonized by Japan during World War II
• National independence in 1946
• One of Southeast Asia's most free-wheeling democracies
What is cultural diversity ?
Cultural diversity - refers to the variety of culture existing
together in a place or community may exist in a setting is a
workplace or a large continent
Did you know?
The Philippine culture is very diverse, with
over eighty groups native to the country.
The Philippine nation consists of twenty
ethnic states, each able in promoting its
own languages and culture. By doing this
the Philippines will be able to preserve
and sustain its cultural diversity.
THESE ARE THE EXAMPLES
WHY PHILIPPINES IS
DIVERSE
Examples
Languages Sport and games
Religion Marriage and
Food relationship
Holidays and festival
Communication style
Clothing
Taboos
Art and architecture
Music and dance
Tourists attraction
Family structures
Gender roles
LANGUAGES
• Cebuano • Spanish
• Ilocano • Aklanon language
• Hiligaynon • Chavacano
• Waray • Philippine Hokkien
• English • Ibanag
• Kapampangan • Maguindanao
• Tagalog • Filipino Sign Language
• Tausug • Surigaonon
• Bicol • Ivatan
• Filipino • Karay-a language
• Maranao • Sambal
• Pangasinan • Arabic
RELIGION
• Islam • Seventh-day Adventist
• Christianity • Buddhism
• Catholicism • Baptist
• Hinduism • Confucianism
• Irreligious and • Traditional beliefs
atheists
FOOD
• ADOBO • KAREKARE
• SINIGANG • BALUT
• LECHON • TAPSILOG
• PANCIT • HALO-HALO
• LUMPIA • BIBINGKA
HOLIDAYS AND FESTIVAL
• New Year • Chinese New Year
• Rizal Day • MassKara Festival
• National Heroes' Day • Panagbenga Festival
• Bonifacio Day • Anniversary of the EDSA People Power
• Christmas Revolution
• Labor Day • Independence Day
• Ninoy Aquino Day • Good Friday
• Ati-Atihan festival • Maundy Thursday
• Dinagyang Festival • All Saints' Day
• Araw ng Kagitingan
• Black Saturday
• Sinulog festival
• Feast of the Immaculate Conception
• Moriones Festival
• Feast of Black Nazarene
LUZON
Panagbenga Festival
Pahiyas Festival
VISAYAS
Dinagyang Festival
Sinulog Festival
MINDANAO
Kadayawan Festival
Tuna Festival
CLOTHING
• BAHAG
• BARO O CAMISA
• SAYA
• PATADYONG O TAPIS
• PUTONG
• KANGAN
• BARONG
• FILIPIÑANA
ART AND ARCHITECTURE
From Nipa Hut (Bahay Kubo), spaniards introduced stones as
housing and building materials
• The Ruins • Bell Church
• Manila Metropolitan Theater • Calapan Cathedral
• Quezon Hall • Intramuros
• Zuellig Building • Philippine Postal
• Cebu Provincial Capitol Corporation
• Malacanang Palace • National Museum of Fine
• National Arts Center Arts
• Manila Cathedral • Philippine Arena
• The Mind Museum • Vigan Cathedral
• University of Santo Tomas • National Theater
Main Building
Bell Church
Intramuros
MUSIC AND DANCE
IGOROT MORO LUMAD
• Banga • Pangalay • Kuntaw
• Bendayan • Burung talo • Kadal taho
• Mamanok • Asik • Kadal blelah
• Singkil • Binaylan
• Lumagen/Tachok
• Tahing baila • Bagobo rice cycle
• Turayen
• Pangsak
• Tarektek • Dugso
• Pangalay ha Patong
• Salidsid • Kadal heroyon
• Pangalay sa agong
• Salip • Karasaguyon
• Pagapir
• Ragsaksakan • Kinugsik kugsik
IGOROT- Banga MORO- Pangalay
LUMAD- Kuntaw
FAMILY STRUCTURES
• Filipino families are characterized by a
traditional hierarchical structure where the
eldest male member, often the father or
grandfather, holds the highest authority and
decision-making power
• Nuclear family
• Single parent
• Step family
• Extended family
GENDER ROLES
• At times, Filipino society is tagged as patriarchal. This
is in part due to machismo attitudes and the masculine
standards of many Filipino men. However, the
Philippines is closer to exhibiting a matriarchal society.
The female influence is significant throughout the
country, with many women holding senior roles
throughout business and the government. In the
household structure, it is often a matriarch in charge.
Generally, the head of the household is usually the
oldest female, often the grandmother (lola). Income
from family members are often pooled together, then
the matriarch will look after the family finances.
SPORT & GAMES
• Kick • Langit Lupa
• Arnis • Luksong tinik
• Palosebo • Tumbang preso
• Luksong baka • Araw Lilim
• Patintero • Bahay-bahayan
• Sikaran • Sepak takraw
• Agawan base • Bulong Pari
• Dumog • Hand clapping games
MARRIAGE & RELATIONSHIP
• Monogamous Marriage: This is the most common type of
marriage, where two individuals are legally and emotionally
bound to each other. It can be further categorized as:
• Traditional Marriage: Often involves a formal ceremony,
religious vows, and societal expectations of a lifelong
commitment.
• Civil Marriage: A legal union recognized by the state,
without religious involvement.
• Polygamous Marriage: Involves one person being married
to multiple partners. This can be:
• Polygyny: One man married to multiple women
• Romantic Relationships: Involve strong emotional and physical
attraction, often with the goal of long-term commitment.
• Dating: An exploratory phase where individuals get to know
each other before committing to a more serious relationship.
• Cohabitation: Two individuals living together in a committed
relationship without being legally married.
• Common-Law Marriage: A legal recognition of a relationship as
marriage without a formal ceremony, based on certain criteria
(varies by location).
• Platonic Relationships:Involve close emotional bonds without
romantic or sexual attraction.
• Family Relationships: Based on blood ties or legal adoption,
such as parent-child, sibling, or extended family relationships.
• Friendships: Based on shared interests, mutual respect, and
emotional support.
COMMUNICATION STYLE
• Filipinos place a high value on family and kinship ties. Family is
seen as the cornerstone of society, and relationships with relatives
are often prioritized over other social relationships.
1. Pakikisama
One key value that underpins Filipino communication is pakikisama,
which translates to "getting along with others" or "being one with the
group."
2. Utang na loob
Filipinos also value utang na loob, which means "debt of gratitude."
3. Bayanihan
Another key value that shapes Filipino communication is bayanihan,
which emphasizes the importance of community and collective
action.
TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
• Chocolate Hills • Crystal cove island
• Banaue Rice Terraces • Rizal Park
• Puerto Princesa Subterranean • Fort Santiago
River National Park
• Manila Ocean Park
• Siargao
• San Sebastian Church
• Samal Island
• Coron Island
• Hinagdanan Cave
• Manilla Bay • Manila Cathedral
• Batan Island • Intramuros
• Apo Island • Magellan's Cross
• White Beach • Cebu Heritage Monument
Importance of Cultural
Diversity in Education
1. Deep Learning
2. Confidence & Growth
3. Preparation for the future
4. More empathy
Why cultural diversity is important?
-Cultural diversity is a vital aspect of the
Philippines' identity, contributing to its richness
and vibrancy. It fosters a sense of unity and
understanding among its diverse population,
promoting tolerance and respect for different
ways of life. This diversity is evident in the
country's numerous ethnic groups, each with
unique traditions, languages, and beliefs.
