INTRODUCTION TO
FLOWCHART
COMPUTER PROGRAM
• A collection of instructions that performs a
specific task when executed by a computer.
WHAT IS PROGRAMMING?
• Process of developing and implementing
various sets of instructions to enable
computer do a certain task.
PROGRAMMING
LOGIC
PROBLEM
FORMULATI
SOLVING
ON
FLOWCHART
• It is the graphical representation of an
algorithm. Flowchart is the pictorial
description of sequenced activities and
logic to be performed by the computer for
carrying out data
FLOWCHART
• processing. It uses special symbols
which represent a specific function. It is
used by a programmer before the actual
start of any programming activity.
DATA
FLOW
FLOWCH DIAGRAM
ART
BLUE
PRINT
SYMBOLS USED IN FLOWCHART
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION
Represents the beginning and
TERMINAL/ the end of the program. It
TERMINATOR contains the words “Begin” or
“Start” and “End” or “Stop”.
ELLIPSE
Represents a step or an
PROCESS instruction such as arithmetic
operations and comparisons.
RECTANGLE
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION
Denotes a decision to be
done. It involves 2 courses of
action that is answerable
either yes/true or no/false
DECISION wherein one has to be chosen.
The symbol represents the If…
Diamond Then and the For… Next
statements.
It is used in declaring and
initializing identifiers or
PREPARATION
variables.
Hexagon Ex. Sum = 0, name = “VaL”
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION
Represents the step wherein
information such as letters
and numbers are entered by
INPUT or OUTPUT the user or produced by the
process.
PARALLELOGRAM Ex. Input 3 numbers; Get A,
B, C; Print A.
ARROW or FLOW Indicates the flow of direction
DIRECTION or the
next activity to be done.
ARROW LINES
INDICATOR
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION
Indicates that the process
ON-PAGE is
continued where the
CONNECTORS matching on-page
Circle connector is placed.
OFF-PAGE Indicates continuation to or
CONNECTORS from another page.
Pentagon
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN CREATING FLOWCHART
Flowchart is generally drawn from top to
bottom or left to right.
There should only be one START/BEGIN and
STOP/END process.
All symbols must be connected with arrows or
flow direction indicators.
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN CREATING FLOWCHART
Decision symbols have two exit points, one
for YES (TRUE) and another for NO (FALSE).
Concentrate on the logic of the program.
Choose only the significant steps. No need
to represent all the steps.
ADVANTAGES OF FLOWCHART
The flow of program is easily understood.
It determines the validity of the processes involved in the
program.
Debugging or correcting errors is less complicated.
It produces effective program documentation.
EXAMPLES OF PSEUDOCODES
& FLOWCHART
PROBLEM 1.
Ask the user to type in his/her complete
name, complete address and telephone
number. Generate a print out of the first
name, address and telephone number
only.
• START
• FN = first name
• LN = last name
• ADDRESS = complete
address
POSSIBLE ANSWER • TEL = telephone number
• INPUT FN, LN
• INPUT ADDRESS
• INPUT TEL
• PRINT FN, ADDRESS,
TEL
• END
EXAMPLES OF PSEUDOCODES &
FLOWCHART
• PROBLEM 2.
Ask the user to input two numbers
and have the program compute the
sum. The output should print the
two numbers and their sum.
• START
• N1 = first number
• N2 = second number
• SUM
POSSIBLE • INPUT N1
ANSWER • INPUT N2
• SUMN1 + N2
• PRINT N1
• PRINT N2
• PRINT SUM
• END
INPUT PROCE OUTPU
• The
SS• T•
The The
values procedu results
and res that obtaine
formula can d from
s to be help the data
used user processi
manipul ng
ate the
input
data to
arrive
at a
solution
DATA
• From Latin word “Datum” mean
“SOMETHING GIVEN”
• Defined as any collection of facts
• In the form of facts or figures obtained from
experiments or surveys
DATA
• Used as basis for making calculations or
drawing conclusions
• Used in computer processing
• (numbers, texts, images, sounds, in a form that
is suitable for storage in or processing by a
computer)
EXAMPLES OF PSEUDO CODED SOLUTIONS
CREATE A FLOWCHART VERSION FOR EACH
SOLUTONS PRESENTED
EXAMPLES OF PSEUDOCODES
• PROBLEM 1. • START
• FN = first name
• Ask the user to type in
• LN = last name
his/her complete name,
• ADDRESS = complete
complete address and address
telephone number. • TEL = telephone number
Generate a print out of the • INPUT FN, LN
first name, address and • INPUT ADDRESS
telephone number only. • INPUT TEL
• PRINT FN, ADDRESS, TEL
• END
• START
• EMAIL = email address
• PW = password
• URL = Uniform Resource Locator
• PROBLEM 5. • PROCESS Access web browser
• INPUT URL
• Create a program in • PROCESS Access LOG IN page
accessing Facebook • INPUT EMAIL, PW
user accounts. • IF EMAIL and PW are correct
THEN DISPLAY Facebook Account
ELSE
INPUT EMAIL, PW
• END IF
• END
CHECK UP
•Create a flowchart which shows the
steps in cooking a sunny side-up egg.
•Create a flowchart which shows the
steps in computing the area of a
rectangle.
ASSESSMENT
20 MINS.
PROBLEM 1.
Create a flowchart which shows a simple voting
system that will ask the user to INPUT name
and age, the system will CHECK if the age is
above 18 OUTPUT name and say “Qualified
for voting” and if below 18 output name and
say “Not qualified for voting”.
