Conductometry: Principles and
Applications
Understanding the Basics and
Applications in Chemistry
Introduction to Conductometry
• - Conductometry measures the electrical
conductivity of solutions.
• - Relies on the presence of ions for
conductivity.
• - Used in chemical analysis, reaction
monitoring, and water purity tests.
Basic Principle
• - Conductivity depends on ion concentration
and mobility.
• - More ions = Higher conductivity.
• - Relationship: Conductivity = Ion
Concentration × Ion Mobility.
Conductance and Resistance
• - Conductance (G) = 1/Resistance (R).
• - Measured in Siemens (S).
• - Factors affecting conductance: ion type,
temperature, and concentration.
Instruments Used in
Conductometry
• - Components:
• 1. Conductivity cell with electrodes.
• 2. Measuring unit (conductivity meter).
• - Device calibration is essential for accurate
readings.
Types of Conductometric
Measurements
• 1. Direct Measurement: Measures
conductivity directly.
• 2. Titration Method: Tracks conductivity
changes during reactions.
Conductometric Titrations
• - Conductivity changes indicate equivalence
points.
• - Applications:
• 1. Acid-base titrations (e.g., HCl + NaOH).
• 2. Precipitation titrations (e.g., AgNO3 +
NaCl).
• - Graph: Conductivity vs. Volume of Titrant.
Advantages of Conductometry
• - No need for indicators.
• - Can analyze colored or turbid solutions.
• - Sensitive for ionic solutions.
• - Applicable for low and high ion
concentrations.
Limitations of Conductometry
• - Limited to ionic compounds.
• - Conductivity is temperature-sensitive.
• - Requires calibrated instruments and
maintenance.
Applications of Conductometry
• - Water quality testing (e.g., TDS, purity).
• - Monitoring desalination processes.
• - Reaction kinetics studies.
• - Industrial applications (e.g., corrosion
detection).
Conclusion
• - Conductometry is a vital analytical tool in
chemistry.
• - Offers precision, simplicity, and wide
applications.
• - Encourages further exploration in
environmental and industrial fields.
